Carotenoids and xanthophyll esters of yellow and red nance fruits (Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunth) from Costa Rica. (September 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Irías-Mata, Andrea; Jiménez, Víctor M.; Steingass, Christof Björn; Schweiggert, Ralf M.; Carle, Reinhold; Esquivel, Patricia
• Is Part Of: Food research international. Volume 111(2018)
• Page Start: 708
• Page End: 714
• Publication Date: 2018-09
• Subjects: Murici -- Tagetes erecta L. -- Lutein -- Lutein diesters -- Zeaxanthin -- Macular carotenoids; Food -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food industry and trade -- Periodicals; Food industry and trade -- Canada -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Food -- Periodicals; Food-Processing Industry -- Periodicals; Aliments -- Industrie et commerce -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Industrie et commerce -- Canada -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Food industry and trade; Canada; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 664.005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.05.063
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0963-9969

Abstract

Abstract: Carotenoid profiles, by means of HPLC-PDA-MS n, and CIE-L*C*h° colour values of yellow and red nance fruits from Costa Rica were elucidated. Among 16 carotenoids detected, (all- E )-lutein was the most abundant accounting for >80% of the total carotenoids, followed by (all- E )-zeaxanthin (9–11%) and (all- E )-β-carotene (2–9%). Minor constituents were ( Z )-isomers of lutein and β-carotene, as well as diverse lutein diesters. Among the esters, lutein dimyristate was the most abundant as substantiated by the comparison with a marigold flower extract. Total carotenoids in the peel (616.2 μg/100 g of FW in yellow nance and 174.2 μg/100 g of FW in red nance) were higher than in the pulp (39.4 μg/100 g of FW in yellow nance and 31.4 μg/100 g of FW in red nance). Since carotenoid profiles of yellow and red varieties were qualitatively similar, although the colour values showed significant differences (77.2 and 88.6 h° in peel and pulp of yellow nance, versus 32.7 and 67.3 h° in peel and pulp of red nance, respectively), pigments other than carotenoids may impart the colour of red nance. High lutein content renders nance fruit as a nutritionally relevant source of this micronutrient. Graphical abstract: Unlabelled Image Highlights: Carotenoids of red nance fruits are reported for the first time. Distribution of carotenoids within peel and pulp of nance fruits was first-time analysed. Identification of 16 carotenoids by HPLC-PDA-MS n reveals lutein as the most abundant. Identification of lutein diesters was achieved by comparison with a marigold flower extract. Pigments other than carotenoids may define the colour of red nance fruits.