Alleviative effects of α‐lipoic acid on muscle atrophy via the modulation of TNF‐α/JNK and PI3K/AKT pathways in high‐fat diet and streptozotocin‐induced type 2 diabetic rats. Issue 4 (12th January 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ko, Chih‐Yuan; Wu, Chi‐Hao; Huang, Wen‐Jian; Lo, Yangming Martin; Lin, Shih‐Xiang; Wu, James Swi‐Bea; Huang, Wen‐Chung; Shen, Szu‐Chuan
• Is Part Of: Food science & nutrition. Volume 11:Issue 4(2023)
• Page Start: 1931
• Page End: 1939
• Publication Date: 2023-01-12
• Subjects: α‐lipoic acid -- diabetes mellitus -- muscle atrophy -- proinflammatory cytokines -- sarcopenia; Food industry and trade -- Periodicals; Food -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; 664
• DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3227
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2048-7177

Abstract

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is often accompanied by clinical complications such as sarcopenia. Previous studies have indicated that oxidative stress and insulin resistance (IR) are highly associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic myopathy. α‐lipoic acid (ALA), a potent biological antioxidant, exists abundantly in a variety of plants and vegetables. This study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of ALA on muscle atrophy in type 2 diabetic rats induced by high‐fat diet feeding (HFD) plus streptozotocin (STZ) injection. The HFD/STZ‐induced diabetic rats were orally administered 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg body weight ALA once a day for 13 weeks. The results showed that ALA at the tested concentrations significantly increased the soleus muscle mass and muscle fibers in diabetic rats. Proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, were found to decrease in both the serum and muscle of ALA‐treated diabetic rats. ALA significantly reduced the protein‐expression levels of phosphorylated c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (pJNK)/JNK, forkhead box O3 (FOXO3), and muscle ring‐finger protein‐1 (Murf1); whereas, it enhanced the protein‐expression levels of phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated protein kinase B (pAKT)/AKT, myogenin determination gene D (MyoD), the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) in the soleus muscle of diabetic rats. The results from this study suggested that ALA treatment may preserve soleus muscle mass, alleviate muscle atrophy by suppressing the TNF‐α/JNK pathway, and ameliorate the PI3K/AKT pathway in HFD/STZ‐induced type 2 diabetic rats. Abstract : α‐lipoic acid (ALA) might maintain muscle mass and fibers by enhancing the expression of muscle‐generation‐related proteins, such as MyoD, mTOR, and MyHC, and by reducing the expression of muscle‐degradation‐related proteins, including FOXO and Murf1, thus alleviating muscle atrophy in T2DM rats.