Chloroplast/thylakoid-rich material: A possible alternative to the chemically synthesised flow enhancer polyglycerol polyricinoleate in oil-based systems. (March 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sutcharit, Poramat; Wattanakul, Jutarat; Price, Ruth; Di Bari, Vincenzo; Gould, Joanne; Yakubov, Gleb; Wolf, Bettina; Gray, David A.
• Is Part Of: Food research international. Volume 165(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-03
• Subjects: Chocolate -- Rheology -- Casson model -- Emulsifier -- Yield stress -- Apparent viscosity -- Chloroplast -- Thylakoid membranes; η40 Apparent Viscosity at 40 s−1 (Pa s) -- BCRF Burst Chloroplast-rich Fraction (wet sample) -- B-CRF Burst Chloroplast-rich Fraction (dried powder sample) -- COP Cross Over Point (Pa) -- ηc Casson Viscosity (Pa s) -- σc Casson Yield Stress (Pa) -- CP Combined Pellet, P1 and P2 (wet sample) -- DP Diluted Pellet (wet sample) -- DP-CRF Diluted Pellet Chloroplast-rich Fraction (dried powder sample) -- J-Method Juicing Method -- P1 Pellet 1 (First Centrifugation) (wet sample) -- P2 Pellet 2 (Second Centrifugation) (wet sample) -- P-CRF Pellet Chloroplast-rich Fraction (dried powder sample) -- PGPR Polyglycerol Polyricinoleate -- S-CRF Rhodamine B Stained Chloroplast-rich Fraction (dried powder sample) -- γ̇ Shear Rate (s−1) -- σ Shear Stress (Pa) -- SJ Spinach Juice -- s/o Sugar-in-Oil Suspension -- SN1 Supernatant 1 (First Centrifugation -- SN2 Supernatant 2 (Second Centrifugation) -- TFP Tangent Flow Point (Pa) -- WBSJ Water Blended Spinach Juice (wet sample) -- WBTRF Water Blended Thylakoid-rich Fraction (wet sample) -- WB-Method Water Blending Method -- τ5 Yield Stress at 5 s−1 (Pa); Food -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food industry and trade -- Periodicals; Food industry and trade -- Canada -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Food -- Periodicals; Food-Processing Industry -- Periodicals; Aliments -- Industrie et commerce -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Industrie et commerce -- Canada -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Food industry and trade; Canada; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 664.005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112472
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0963-9969

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Chloroplast/thylakoid material helps reduce the Casson yield stress of a chocolate model system. Confocal images indicate that chloroplast membrane material surround sugar particles in an oil-based chocolate model system. Chloroplast/thylakoid material possesses the ability to reduce apparent viscosity of an oil-based system. Chloroplast/thylakoid material aids the flow of an oil-based suspension. Chloroplast/thylakoid material is a potential alternative to chemically synthesized PGPR. Abstract: Chloroplasts are abundant organelles in a diverse range of plant materials; they are predominantly composed of multicomponent thylakoid membranes which are lipid and protein rich. Intact or unravelled thylakoid membranes should, in principle, have interfacial activity, but little has been published on their activity in oil-in-water systems, and nothing on their performance on an oil continuous system. In this work different physical methods were used to produce a range of chloroplast/thylakoid suspensions with varying degrees of membrane integrity. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that pressure homogenisation led to the greatest extent of membrane and organelle disruption compared to less energy intensive preparation methods The ability of the derived materials to modulate the flow behaviour of a chocolate model system (65% (w/w) sugar/ sunflower oil (natural amphiphiles removed) suspension) was investigated by acquiring rheological parameters. All chloroplast/thylakoid preparations reduced yield stress, apparent viscosity, tangent flow point and cross over point in a concentration-dependent fashion, although not as significantly as polyglycerol polyricinoleate applied at a commercially relevant concentration in the same chocolate model system. Confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed presence of the alternative flow enhancer material at the sugar surfaces. This research reveals that low-energy processing methods that do not extensively disrupt thylakoid membranes are applicable to generating materials with marked capacity to affect the flow behaviour of a chocolate model system. In conclusion, chloroplast/thylakoid materials hold strong potential as natural alternatives to synthetic rheology modifiers for lipid-based systems such as PGPR.