Modulation of metabolic alterations of obese diabetic rats upon treatment with Salacca zalacca fruits extract using 1H NMR-based metabolomics. (November 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Saleh, Mohammed S.M.; Siddiqui, Mohammad Jamshed; Mediani, Ahmed; Ahmed, Qamar Uddin; Mat So'ad, Siti Zaiton; Saidi-Besbes, Salima; Elnaem, Mohamed Hassan; Othman, Hairol Azrin; Ismail, Nor Hadiani
• Is Part Of: Food research international. Volume 137(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-11
• Subjects: Salacca zalacca -- 1H NMR-based metabolomics -- Diabetes -- Metabolic disorders -- Multivariate data analysis; Food -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food industry and trade -- Periodicals; Food industry and trade -- Canada -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Food -- Periodicals; Food-Processing Industry -- Periodicals; Aliments -- Industrie et commerce -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Industrie et commerce -- Canada -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Food industry and trade; Canada; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 664.005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109547
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0963-9969

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Obese diabetic rats model was used to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of S. zalacca. NMR-based metabolomic analysis of obese diabetic rats treated is reported. The identification and quantification of chemical markers were done. Lipid profile and blood glucose were done. S. zalacca extract improve the biochemical and metabolic disorders of diabetic rats. Abstract: Fruit of salak ( Salacca zalacca ) is traditionally used and commercialized as an antidiabetic agent. However, the scientific evidence to prove this traditional use is lacking. This research was aimed to evaluate the metabolic changes of obese-diabetic (OBDC) rats treated with S. zalacca fruit extract using proton-nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR)-based metabolomics approach. This research presents the first report on the in vitro antidiabetic effect of S. zalacca fruits extract using this approach. The obtained results indicated that the administration of 400 mg/kg bw of 60% ethanolic S. zalacca extract for 6 weeks significantly decreased the blood glucose level and normalized the blood lipid profile of the OBDC rats. The potential biomarkers in urine were 2-oxoglutarate, alanine, leucine, succinate 3-hydroxybutyrate, taurine, betaine, allantoin, acetate, dimethylamine, creatine, creatinine, glucose, phenyl-acetylglycine, and hippurate. Based on the data obtained, the 60% ethanolic extract could not fully improved the metabolic complications of diabetic rats. The extract of S. zalacca fruit was able to decrease the ketones bodies as 3-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate. It also improved energy metabolism, involving glucose, acetate, lactate, 2-hydroxybutyrate, 2-oxoglutarate, citrate, and succinate. Moreover, it decreased metabolites from gut microflora, including choline. This extract had significant effect on amino acid metabolism, metabolites from gut microflora, bile acid metabolism and creatine. The result can further support the traditional claims of S. zalacca fruits in management of diabetes. This finding might be valuable in understanding the molecular mechanism and pharmacological properties of this medicinal plant for managing diabetes mellitus.