Advances in structures required of polyphenols for xanthine oxidase inhibition. Issue 2 (10th June 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Liu, Liangliang; Zhang, Li; Ren, Licheng; Xie, Yixi
• Is Part Of: Food frontiers. Volume 1:Issue 2(2020)
• Page Start: 152
• Page End: 167
• Publication Date: 2020-06-10
• Subjects: inhibitors -- natural products -- polyphenols -- structure -- xanthine oxidase; Food science -- Periodicals; Food -- Research -- Periodicals; Food -- Research; Food science; Periodicals; 664
• DOI: 10.1002/fft2.27
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2643-8429

Abstract

Abstract: Polyphenols have been used as natural medicaments for the management of hyperuricemia for a long history. They have been attracted many interests because of the little side effects in curing hyperuricemia, which is an important advantage over the antihyperuricemic drugs. In this review, the structure–activity relationships for polyphenols as xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors were discussed. It is concluded that the presence of hydroxyl groups, which influences the inhibitory effects, is closely related to whether the substitutions increase the steric hindrance or disturb the interaction of flavonoid with the catalytic site of XO, and the increased size of the molecule after glycosylation may increase the steric hindrance between flavonoid and XO, and consequently reducing the competitive inhibition behaviors. However, there is no obtained simple general rule that can comprehensively describe the effects of structural alteration on the inhibition activity because the results are varied among different subclasses of polyphenols. In addition, the inhibition mechanisms are mainly assumed as polyphenol binding to the active site of XO and hindering the entrance of xanthine or the discharge of uric acid and diffusion of O 2− radical. Abstract : Polyphenols have been used as natural medicaments for the management of hyperuricemia for a long history. With little side effects, they have attracted many interests and have been regarded as the alternatives for antihyperuricemic drugs. The antihyperuricemic effects of polyphenols are mainly attributed to their inhibitory activities against xanthine oxidase (XO), which catalyzes the formation of uric acid from xanthine. In this review, the structure–activity relationships for polyphenols as XO inhibitors were discussed.