Use of random forest methodology to link aroma profiles to volatile compounds: Application to enzymatic hydrolysis of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) by-products combined with Maillard reactions. (August 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Cardinal, Mireille; Chaussy, Marianne; Donnay-Moreno, Claire; Cornet, Josiane; Rannou, Cecile; Fillonneau, Catherine; Prost, Carole; Baron, Regis; Courcoux, Philippe
• Is Part Of: Food research international. Volume 134(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-08
• Subjects: Sensory characteristics -- Volatile compounds -- HS-SPME/GC–MS -- Regression tree -- Random forest -- Hydrolysate -- Maillard reactions; Food -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food industry and trade -- Periodicals; Food industry and trade -- Canada -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Food -- Periodicals; Food-Processing Industry -- Periodicals; Aliments -- Industrie et commerce -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Industrie et commerce -- Canada -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Food industry and trade; Canada; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 664.005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109254
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0963-9969

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Regression Trees and Random Forests methodology: a tool to predict a whole sensory profile. Four main volatile compounds separate hydrolysates into five groups. Prediction results may be sensitive to sensory measurements variability. Appropriate process conditions combining hydrolysis parameters and Maillard Reaction lead to specific roasted odor. Abstract: To use salmon protein hydrolysates as food ingredients and to mask the fish odor, Maillard reactions were associated with enzymatic production of hydrolysates. The study explored an original approach based on regression trees (RT) and random forest (RF) methodologies to predict hydrolysate odor profiles from volatile compounds. An experimental design with four factors: enzyme/substrate ratio, quantity of xylose, hydrolysis and cooking times was used to create a range of enzymatic hydrolysates. Twenty samples were submitted to a trained panel for sensory descriptions of odor. Hydrolysate volatile compounds were extracted by means of Headspace Solid Phase MicroExtraction (HS-SPME) and analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The results showed that RT and RF methodologies can be useful tools for predicting an entire sensory profile from volatile compounds. Four main volatile compounds made it possible to separate hydrolysates into five groups according to their specific sensory profile. 2, 5-dimethylpyrazine, 1-hydroxy-2-propanone and 3-hydroxy-2-pentanone were identified as the main predictors of the roasted odor, whereas methanethiol was associated with a mud odor. These results also suggest the appropriate process conditions for obtaining a typical roasted odor.