Different dietary lipid consumption affects the serum lipid profiles, colonic short chain fatty acid composition and the gut health of Sprague Dawley rats. (June 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ye, Zhan; Cao, Chen; Li, Qiu; Xu, Yong-jiang; Liu, Yuanfa
• Is Part Of: Food research international. Volume 132(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-06
• Subjects: Dietary lipids -- Serum lipid profile -- Short chain fatty acid -- Gut health -- Correlation analysis; PO palm oil -- LO leaf lard oil -- RO rapeseed oil -- SO sunflower oil -- LINO linseed oil -- SCFA short chain fatty acid -- FFA free fatty acid -- MAG monoglyceride -- TAG triacylglycerol -- SFA saturated fatty acid -- UFA unsaturated fatty acid -- MUPA mono-unsaturated fatty acid -- PUFA poly-unsaturated fatty acid -- CVD Cardiovascular disease -- ROS Reactive oxygen species -- TLR Toll-like receptor -- MyD88 Myeloid differentiation factor 88; Food -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food industry and trade -- Periodicals; Food industry and trade -- Canada -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Food -- Periodicals; Food-Processing Industry -- Periodicals; Aliments -- Industrie et commerce -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Industrie et commerce -- Canada -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Food industry and trade; Canada; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 664.005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109117
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0963-9969

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Effects of lipids on serum lipid, colonic SCFAs and colon morphology were studied. PO and LO had negative effects on serum lipid and colon histology. An efficient and accurate method was promoted to qualify the colonic SCFAs. SFA was negatively correlated with colonic isobutyric acid concentration. Lipids contain high SFA up-regulate the genes related with colon inflammatory. Abstract: Palm oil (PO), leaf lard oil (LO), rapeseed oil (RO), sunflower oil (SO), and linseed oil (LINO) are the five of the most typical dietary lipids, while few studies have explored and compared their influences on the serum lipid profiles, colonic short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) composition and colon health of Sprague Dawley ( SD ) rats. Results from the present work showed that PO and LO groups showed significantly higher serum TG and TC level compared with Ctrl group, whereas, the LDL-C/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C ratio were significantly lower in the RO, SO and LINO groups. Different dietary lipid consumption (15% of the normal diet) decreased the colonic SCFAs concentration. The saturated fatty acid (SFA) was negatively correlated, while unsaturated fatty acid (UFA)/SFA ratio was positively correlated, with colonic isobutyric acid concentration. The C18:2ω6 and ω3 fatty acids were positively correlated with colonic butyric acid and isovaleric acid concentration, respectively. Results also demonstrated that PO and LO could decrease the colon villus length and crypt depth, and led to colon injury, which might be due to their high SFAs content. Moreover, results suggested that PO and LO could specifically up-regulate the colon inflammation related gene expression levels and down-regulate the Muc2 expression levels, thus, imposing negative impact on the mucus layers. The present study could provide some information for nutritional evaluation about these dietary lipids.