A potential species of next-generation probiotics? The dark and light sides of Bacteroides fragilis in health. (December 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sun, Fengting; Zhang, Qingsong; Zhao, Jianxin; Zhang, Hao; Zhai, Qixiao; Chen, Wei
• Is Part Of: Food research international. Volume 126(2019)
• Publication Date: 2019-12
• Subjects: Bacteroides fragilis -- Colonization -- Polysaccharide A -- Pathogenicity -- Antibiotic resistance -- Next generation probiotic; B. fragilis Bacteroides fragilis -- NTBF Nontoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis -- ETBF Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis -- bft Bacteroides fragilis toxin genes -- BFT Bacteroides fragilis toxin -- PSA Polysaccharide A -- PSB Polysaccharide B -- OMVs Outer Membrane Vesicles -- CCF Commensal Colonization Factors -- IgA Immunoglobulin A -- TLR2 Toll-like Receptor 2 -- T6SSs Type VI Secretion System -- BSAP-1 Bacteroidales Secreted Antimicrobial Protein-1 -- BfUbb Bacteroides fragilis Eukaryotic-like Ubiquitin Protein -- GA Genetic Architectures -- TH1 T Helper 1 -- TH2 T Helper 2 -- SCFAs Short-chain Fatty Acids -- APCs Antigen-presenting Cells -- MHC Major Histocompatibility Complex -- IL Interleukin -- Tregs T Regulatory Cells -- DNBS 2, 4-Dinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid -- IBD Intestinal Bowel Diseases -- AAD Antibiotic-associated Diarrhea -- EAE Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis -- MIA Maternal Immune Activation -- ASD Autism Spectrum Disorder -- MTX Methotrexate -- FAP Familial Adenomatous Polyposis -- BF-LPS Bacteroides fragilis Lipopolysaccharide -- AD Alzheimer's Disease -- GI Gastrointestinal -- HGT Horizontal Gene Transfer -- RND Resistance-Nodulation-Division -- MATE Multidrug and Toxic Efflux; Food -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food industry and trade -- Periodicals; Food industry and trade -- Canada -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Food -- Periodicals; Food-Processing Industry -- Periodicals; Aliments -- Industrie et commerce -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Industrie et commerce -- Canada -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Food industry and trade; Canada; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 664.005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108590
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0963-9969

Abstract

Abstract: Bacteroides fragilis ( B. fragilis ) is a commensal Gram-negative obligate anaerobe that resides in the mammalian lower gut and can profoundly affect the susceptibility of the host to inflammatory diseases. Previous studies have identified B. fragilis as a common opportunistic pathogen in clinical infections and suggested that it may be responsible for a range of diseases involving a permeable intestinal barrier. However, recent studies of the relationship between nontoxigenic B. fragilis and the immune system have indicated that several B. fragilis strains may be potential probiotic. In the present review, we summarize the factors influencing the intestinal abundance of B. fragilis and discuss the biological interactions between this microbe and the host. Immune system development, age, individual dietary habits, physical condition, drug intake and personal lifestyle habits can all affect the abundance of B. fragilis in the human intestine. Polysaccharide A or outer membrane vesicles from nontoxigenic B. fragilis may mediate beneficial interactions with the host, whereas enterotoxigenic B. fragilis toxin or lipopolysaccharide may stimulate colitis or even systemic inflammation. Generally, this review summarizes the biological characteristics of B. fragilis and describes future application of probiotics. Graphical abstract: Unlabelled Image Highlights: Diet, drug, physical condition and lifestyle affect the abundance of B. fragilis. Polysaccharide locus, T6SSs, BSAP and IgA influence colonization of B. fragilis . PSA/OMVs/SCFAs NTBF exert beneficial immunomodulatory effects in the host. BFT from ETBF may cause colitis/colorectal cancer and LPS may stimulate AD.