Barley sprout extract containing policosanols and polyphenols regulate AMPK, SREBP2 and ACAT2 activity and cholesterol and glucose metabolism in vitro and in vivo. (June 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lee, Ji Hae; Lee, So Young; Kim, Bobae; Seo, Woo Duck; Jia, Yaoyao; Wu, Chunyan; Jun, Hee-jin; Lee, Sung-Joon
• Is Part Of: Food research international. Volume 72(2015:Jun.)
• Page Start: 174
• Page End: 183
• Publication Date: 2015-06
• Subjects: ACAT2 acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase-2 -- AMPK AMP-activated protein kinase -- ATG autophagy-related gene -- BS barley sprout extract -- DiI 1, 10-dioctadecyl-3, 3, 3′, 3′-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate -- ER endoplasmic reticulum -- FBPase fructose 1, 6-bisphosphatase -- FPLC fast-protein liquid chromatography -- G6Pase glucose 6-phosphatase -- HFD high fat diet -- HMGCR 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase -- IL-6 interleukin-6 -- INSIG1 insulin-induced protein-1 -- LAMP1 lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 -- LC3 microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 -- mTOR mammalian target of rapamycin -- PC pyruvate carboxylase -- PEPCK phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase -- SREBP2 sterol-regulatory element-binding protein 2 -- TNFα tumor necrosis factor-α; 5′-Adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase -- Autophagy -- Barley sprout extract -- Cholesterol metabolism -- 3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase; Food -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food industry and trade -- Periodicals; Food industry and trade -- Canada -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Food -- Periodicals; Food-Processing Industry -- Periodicals; Aliments -- Industrie et commerce -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Industrie et commerce -- Canada -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Food industry and trade; Canada; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 664.005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.03.041
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0963-9969

Abstract

Abstract: Mechanism of barley sprout extract (BS), which contains policosanols and polyphenols, on cholesterol and glucose metabolism was investigated. BS reduced the intracellular cholesterol concentrations in the HepG2 cells and the plasma cholesterol concentrations in the mice by the activation of AMPK and the subsequent phosphorylation inhibition of HMGCR. BS suppressed the nuclear translocation of SREBP2, reducing the transcription of HMGCR. AMPK activation with BS reduced the fasting glucose and hepatic triglyceride concentrations in mice by repressing the hepatic gluconeogenic genes, including fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase and pyruvate carboxylase and the plasma levels of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6. The activation of hepatic autophagy by BS was confirmed by induced protein expressions of LC3-II and LAMP. In conclusion, BS activates AMPK and hepatic autophagy and inhibits SREBP2, resulting in hypocholesterolemic and hypoglycemic activities and improvements in the symptoms of hepatic steatosis. Highlights: Administration of barley sprout extract (BS) improved plasma cholesterol, glucose, and hepatic lipid accumulation. BS suppressed cholesterol and glucose synthesis via AMPK activation. BS stimulated autophagy pathway via AMPK activation. BS could ameliorate hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycemia, and hepatic steatosis.