Cocoa intake ameliorates hepatic oxidative stress in young Zucker diabetic fatty rats. (March 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Cordero-Herrera, Isabel; Martín, María Ángeles; Goya, Luis; Ramos, Sonia
• Is Part Of: Food research international. Volume 69(2015)
• Page Start: 194
• Page End: 201
• Publication Date: 2015-03
• Subjects: AUC area under curve -- CAT catalase -- DCFH dichlorofluorescein -- DNPH dinitrophenylhydrazine -- GSH glutathione -- GPx glutathione peroxidase -- GR glutathione reductase -- GST glutathione-S-transferase -- GTT glucose tolerance test -- HO-1 heme oxygenase -- HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance -- Nrf2 nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 -- NF-ĸB nuclear factor-kappaB -- OPT o-phthalaldehyde -- ROS reactive oxygen species -- SOD superoxide dismutase -- T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus -- t-BOOH tert-butylhydroperoxide -- ZDF Zucker diabetic rat -- ZL Zucker Lean; Antioxidant/detoxifying defence system -- Cocoa -- Glucose tolerance -- Insulin resistance -- Oxidative stress -- Type 2 diabetic ZDF rats; Food -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food industry and trade -- Periodicals; Food industry and trade -- Canada -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Food -- Periodicals; Food-Processing Industry -- Periodicals; Aliments -- Industrie et commerce -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Industrie et commerce -- Canada -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Food industry and trade; Canada; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 664.005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.12.039
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0963-9969

Abstract

Abstract: Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes is associated with oxidative stress-mediated tissue damage. The present study is aimed to explore the role of a cocoa-enriched diet in ameliorating the oxidative stress-induced damage in the liver of young type 2 diabetic Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Male ZDF rats were fed a control or cocoa-rich diet (10%), and Zucker Lean (ZL) animals received the control diet. ZDF rats fed with cocoa (ZDF-Ca) decreased body weight gain, glucose and insulin levels, and improved glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. Cocoa diet further reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and carbonyl content in the liver of ZDF animals. The diminished activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the enhanced activity of heme oxygenase (HO-1) in ZDF-C were returned to ZL values upon cocoa administration. Cocoa did not restore the decreased glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity in both ZDF groups in comparison to ZL rats. Glutathione (GSH) content and activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) remained unaltered among all animal groups. Moreover, cocoa-rich diet suppressed total and phosphorylated nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2), as well as p65-nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-ĸB) enhanced levels observed in ZDF rats. The results indicate that cocoa protects the hepatocytes by improving the antioxidant competence in the liver of young type 2 diabetic ZDF rats. Highlights: Cocoa-rich diet improves glucose tolerance in ZDF rats. Cocoa-enriched diet alleviates insulin resistance in ZDF rats. Cocoa intake protects hepatocytes against oxidative stress at a pre-diabetic stage. Cocoa improves the hepatic antioxidant/detoxifying defences in ZDF rats.