Microbial carotenoid production and their potential applications as antioxidants: A current update. (May 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Joshi, Khyati; Kumar, Pravir; Kataria, Rashmi
• Is Part Of: Process biochemistry. Volume 128(2023)
• Page Start: 190
• Page End: 205
• Publication Date: 2023-05
• Subjects: Pigments -- Antioxidants -- Carotenoid biosynthesis -- Lignocellulosic biomass -- Genetic Modification; Biochemical engineering -- Periodicals; Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- periodicals; Biotechnology -- periodicals; Chemical Engineering -- periodicals; Génie biochimique -- Périodiques; Biotechnologie -- Périodiques; Biochemical engineering; Biotechnology; Periodicals; 660.63
• DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2023.02.020
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1359-5113

Abstract

Abstract: Carotenoids are isoprenoid compounds that play a role as pigments in photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic organisms. Carotenoids are essential in biological systems by acting as antioxidants. Thus, carotenoids have numerous applications in the environment, food, and medical sectors. Presently, most of the commercially available carotenoids are either extracted from different plants or produced synthetically using chemicals. The need to develop naturally derived pigments made it indispensable to discover alternate sources of carotenoids. Microbes have immense potential to produce carotenoids and thus, act as promising substitutes for chemically synthesized carotenoids. Microbial carotenoid production offers advantages, such as controlled cultivation and minimized production period. Moreover, the capability of microbes to utilize lignocellulosic waste as a substrate for the synthesis of carotenoids makes the overall process more sustainable. This review highlights the production of carotenoids from bacterial, fungal, and algal sources, followed by genetic modification of carotenogenic and non-carotenogenic species. Lastly, the review summarizes the extraction process and the applications of carotenoids in different fields. Highlights: Carotenoids are well-recognized for their antioxidant potential. Microbial carotenoids are promising substitutes to synthetic carotenoids. Lignocellulosic waste acts as cheap carbon source for carotenoid production. Gene manipulation enhances the overall production process.