Protein Intake from Birth to 2 Years and Obesity Outcomes in Later Childhood and Adolescence: A Systematic Review of Prospective Cohort Studies. Issue 5 (27th April 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Stokes, Alexandra; Campbell, Karen J; Yu, Hong-Jie; Szymlek-Gay, Ewa A; Abbott, Gavin; He, Qi-Qiang; Zheng, Miaobing
• Is Part Of: Advances in nutrition. Volume 12:Issue 5(2021)
• Page Start: 1863
• Page End: 1876
• Publication Date: 2021-04-27
• Subjects: protein intake -- protein sources -- infancy -- obesity -- childhood; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Diet therapy -- Periodicals; Nutrition; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Nutritional Sciences; Periodicals; 613.205
• DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab034
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2161-8313

Abstract

Abstract: Emerging evidence shows an association between protein intake during infancy and later obesity risk, and that association may differ by protein sources. This systematic review summarized and evaluated prospective cohort studies assessing the long-term association of total protein intake and protein sources during infancy (from birth to 2 y) with subsequent obesity outcomes in childhood or adolescence. Literature searches were conducted in Embase, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science. Sixteen studies that reported associations between total protein intake and/or protein intake from different sources from birth to 2 y and ≥1 obesity outcomes in childhood or adolescence from 9 cohorts were identified. Most studies (11/16) were rated as high quality. The most frequently reported association was total protein intake and BMI (up to 10 y) with 6 out of 7 cohorts showing significant positive associations. Similar associations were found for animal protein, but not for plant protein. Limited studies examined the association between protein intake (both total and sources) and body composition (body fat, fat mass, and fat-free mass) and revealed inconsistent findings. Overall, higher intakes of total and animal protein during infancy were associated with higher BMI in childhood and adolescence. Future studies investigating the contribution of protein sources in long-term obesity development are needed. This review was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42020166540. Abstract : Statement of Significance : This is the first systematic review that summarized the evidence from the prospective cohort studies examining the association between intakes of total protein and protein from different sources from birth to 2 years and later obesity outcomes in childhood and adolescence.