A 10% Tomato Diet Selectively Reduces Radiation-Induced Damage in TRAMP Mice. Issue 11 (12th August 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rowles, Joe L; Wallig, Matthew A; Selting, Kimberly A; Fan, Timothy M; Miller, Rita J; O'Brien, William D; Erdman, John W
• Is Part Of: Journal of nutrition. Volume 151:Issue 11(2021)
• Page Start: 3421
• Page End: 3430
• Publication Date: 2021-08-12
• Subjects: tomato -- carotenoids -- prostate cancer -- radiation -- TRAMP; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Diet -- Periodicals; 613.205
• DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab257
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-3166

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Background: Tomatoes contain carotenoids that have the potential to alter the effects of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). Objectives: We hypothesized that dietary lyophilized tomato paste (TP) would reduce apoptosis within carotenoid-containing nonneoplastic tissues in EBRT-treated TRansgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) mice. Methods: Male TRAMP mice ( n = 73) were provided an AIN-93G diet or a modified AIN-93G diet containing 10% TP (wt:wt) at 4 wk of age. Prostate tumor growth was monitored by ultrasound. The caudal half of the mouse was irradiated with 7.5 Gy (Rad) or 0 Gy (sham) at 24 wk of age or after the tumor volume exceeded 1000 mm 3 with a Cobalt-60 source. Mice were euthanized 24 h postradiation. Carotenoids and α-tocopherol were measured by HPLC and compared by a t test. Tissues were assessed for radiation-induced changes (hematoxylin and eosin) and apoptosis [cleaved caspase-3 (CC3)] and compared by Kruskal–Wallis test or Freedman–Lane's permutation test. Results: Serum concentrations of lycopene (52% lower), phytoene (26% lower), and α-tocopherol (22% lower) were decreased in TP-fed irradiated mice (TP-Rad) compared with TP-fed sham mice ( P < 0.05). CC3 scores increased within the prostate tumor with radiation treatments ( P < 0.05), but were not affected by tomato consumption. In nonneoplastic tissues, TP-Rad had a lower percentage of CC3-positive cells within the cranial (67% lower) and caudal (75% lower) duodenum than irradiated mice on the control diet (Rad) ( P < 0.005). Likewise, CC3 scores within the dorsolateral prostate of TP-Rad trended toward lower scores than for Rad ( P = 0.07). Conclusions: TP selectively reduces radiation-induced apoptosis in extratumoral tissues without decreasing radiation-induced apoptosis within the prostate tumor in TRAMP mice. Additional studies are needed to confirm and expand upon these findings.