The FADS1 rs174550 Genotype Modifies the n‐3 and n‐6 PUFA and Lipid Mediator Responses to a High Alpha‐Linolenic Acid and High Linoleic Acid Diets. Issue 24 (11th November 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Meuronen, Topi; Lankinen, Maria A.; Kolmert, Johan; de Mello, Vanessa Derenji; Sallinen, Taisa; Ågren, Jyrki; Virtanen, Kirsi A.; Laakso, Markku; Wheelock, Craig E.; Pihlajamäki, Jussi; Schwab, Ursula
• Is Part Of: Molecular nutrition & food research. Volume 66:Issue 24(2022)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2022-11-11
• Subjects: alpha‐linolenic acid -- octadecanoid -- eicosanoid -- eicosapentaenoic acid -- FADS -- linoleic acid; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Food -- Microbiology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food -- Toxicology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food Microbiology -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; 664.0705
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200351
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1613-4125

Abstract

Abstract : Scope: The fatty acid composition of plasma lipids, which is associated with biomarkers and risk of non‐communicable diseases, is regulated by dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and variants of fatty acid desaturase ( FADS ). We investigated the interactions between dietary PUFAs and FADS1 rs174550 variant. Methods and results: Participants ( n = 118), homozygous for FADS1 rs174550 variant (TT and CC) followed a high alpha‐linolenic acid (ALA, 5 percent of energy (E‐%)) or a high linoleic acid (LA, 10 E‐%) diet during an 8‐week randomized controlled intervention. Fatty acid composition of plasma lipids and PUFA‐derived lipid mediators were quantified by gas and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, respectively. The high‐LA diet increased the concentration of plasma LA, but not its lipid mediators. The concentration of plasma arachidonic acid decreased in carriers of CC and remained unchanged in the TT genotype. The high‐ALA diet increased the concentration of plasma ALA and its cytochrome P450‐derived epoxides and dihydroxys, and cyclooxygenase‐derived monohydroxys. Concentrations of plasma eicosapentaenoic acid and its mono‐ and dihydroxys increased only in TT genotype carriers. Conclusions: These findings suggest the potential for genotype‐based recommendations for PUFA consumption, resulting in modulation of bioactive lipid mediators which can exert beneficial effects in maintaining health. Abstract : This study aimed to explore the differences in the plasma fatty acid and lipid mediator concentrations in response to dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) between carriers of the FADS1 rs174550 TT and CC genotypes. Plasma concentrations of long‐chain PUFAs and their derived bioactive lipid mediators changed in a genotype dependent manner in response to linoleic and alpha‐linolenic acid enriched diets.