Goat Milk Improves Glucose Homeostasis via Enhancement of Hepatic and Skeletal Muscle AMP‐Activated Protein Kinase Activation and Modulation of Gut Microbiota in Streptozocin‐Induced Diabetic Rats. Issue 6 (25th February 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Liu, Wei; Zhou, Yalin; Sun, Han; Li, Ruijun; Qin, Yong; Yu, Lanlan; Chen, Yuhan; Li, Yong; Tan, Yuwei; Zhao, Runlong; Zhang, Wei; Jiang, Shilong; Xu, Yajun
• Is Part Of: Molecular nutrition & food research. Volume 65:Issue 6(2021)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2021-02-25
• Subjects: caprine -- dysbiosis -- glucagon‐like peptide 1 -- Lactobacillus -- short‐chain fatty acids; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Food -- Microbiology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food -- Toxicology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food Microbiology -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; 664.0705
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000888
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1613-4125

Abstract

Abstract : Scope: Previously, the metabolic benefits of goat milk consumption in high‐fat diet‐fed rats are demonstrated. However, the effects are only reported in one animal model and the involvement of gut microbiota is not investigated. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of goat milk consumption on glucose homeostasis and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic rats. Methods and Results: STZ‐induced diabetic rats are fed with three dosages of goat milk: 2.5, 5, and 10 g kg −1 . Parameters related to glucose homeostasis, hepatic and skeletal muscle AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, and gut microbiota are investigated. The dose of 10 g kg −1 exerts more metabolic benefits. Goat milk consumption improves fasting glucose levels, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and promotes hepatic and skeletal muscle AMPK activation in STZ‐injected diabetic rats. Goat milk modulates gut microbiota, increases the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, and augments levels of propionic and butyric acids. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the metabolic benefits of goat milk consumption in STZ‐induced diabetic rats, which is consistent with the previous observations in high‐fat diet‐induced diabetic rats. Furthermore, this study elucidates the modulation of gut microbiota by goat milk, which likely mediates the metabolic effects of goat milk. Abstract : Possible mechanisms by which goat milk consumption improves glucose homeostasis via the modulation of gut microbiota. Gut microbiota metabolize oligosaccharides and produce SCFAs. SCFAs can increase the phosphorylation and activation of AMPK, which leads to improved glucose homeostasis. Alternatively, SCFAs can bind to G‐protein coupled receptors and stimulate the secretion of GLP‐1. Increased GLP‐1 levels lead to improved glucose metabolism.