Ellagic Acid and Its Microbial Metabolite Urolithin A Alleviate Diet‐Induced Insulin Resistance in Mice. Issue 19 (23rd August 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Yang, Jieping; Guo, Yuanqiang; Henning, Susanne M.; Chan, Brenda; Long, Jianfeng; Zhong, Jin; Acin‐Perez, Rebeca; Petcherski, Anton; Shirihai, Orian; Heber, David; Li, Zhaoping
• Is Part Of: Molecular nutrition & food research. Volume 64:Issue 19(2020)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2020-08-23
• Subjects: ellagic acid -- insulin resistance -- mitochondria -- obesity -- urolithin A; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Food -- Microbiology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food -- Toxicology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food Microbiology -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; 664.0705
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000091
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1613-4125

Abstract

Abstract : Scope: This work aims at evaluating the effect of dietary ellagic acid (EA) and its microbial metabolite urolithin A (UA) on glucose metabolism and insulin resistance (IR) in mice with diet‐induced IR. Methods and Results: DBA2J mice are fed a high fat/high sucrose diet (HF/HS) for 8 weeks to induce IR and then 0.1% EA, UA, or EA and UA (EA+UA) are added to the HF/HS‐diet for another 8 weeks. UA significantly decreases fasting glucose and increases adiponectin compared with HF/HS‐controls. During intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test, EA+UA significantly improve insulin‐mediated glucose lowering effects at 15 and 120 min and reduce blood triglycerides compared with HF/HS‐controls. Serum free fatty acids are significantly decreased by EA, UA, and EA+UA. Differential expression of genes related to mitochondrial function by EA, UA, and EA+UA in liver and skeletal muscle is observed. Primary hepatocytes from IR‐mice have higher proton leak, basal and ATP‐linked oxygen consumption rates compared with healthy controls. EA and EA+UA but not UA reduce the proton leak in hepatocytes from IR‐mice. Conclusion: EA and UA induce different metabolic benefits in IR mice. The effects of EA and UA on mitochondrial function suggest a potentially novel mechanism modulating metabolism. Abstract : Ellagic acid (EA) and it microbial metabolite urolithin A (UA) are of great interest for their potential health benefits. This study provides evidence that EA and UA exert different effects on metabolic regulation in insulin resistant mice without UA production capability.