FADS1 overexpression promotes fatty acid synthesis and triacylglycerol accumulation via inhibiting the AMPK/SREBP1 pathway in goat mammary epithelial cells. Issue 10 (12th May 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Huang, Jiangtao; Shao, Yuexin; Zong, Xueyang; Zhang, Huawen; Zhang, Xian; Zhang, Zhifei; Shi, Huaiping
• Is Part Of: Food & function. Volume 13:Issue 10(2022)
• Page Start: 5870
• Page End: 5882
• Publication Date: 2022-05-12
• Subjects: Food -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food -- Composition -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; 664.07
• DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00246a
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2042-6496

Abstract

Abstract : During lactation, FADS1 is up-regulated, then inhibits the phosphorylation of AMPK. The downregulation of p-AMPK promotes SREBP1 nuclear translocation, and induces SREBP1 target gene FASN and ACC expression in GMEC, leading to increased lipogenesis. Abstract : Delta-5 desaturase (D5D), encoded by the fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) gene, is a rate-limiting enzyme in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) synthesis that influences the PUFA levels in milk fat. However, the function and molecular mechanism of FADS1 in milk fat metabolism remain largely unknown. The FADS1 overexpression increased the triglyceride content, lipid droplet size, and expression of genes related to fatty acid de novo synthesis ( SREBP1 and ACC ), intracellular fatty acid transporters ( FABP3 and FABP4 ) and triacylglycerol synthesis gene ( DGAT2 ). It also significantly promoted the SREBP1 nuclear translocation by inhibiting the AMPK activation. In addition, FADS1 overexpression inhibited cell proliferation and arrested cell cycle at the G1 phase. These findings reveal a novel FADS1-AMPK-SREBP1 pathway regulating milk fat production in the goat mammary gland.