A 28-Day Carbohydrate-Restricted Diet Improves Markers of Cardiovascular Disease in Professional Firefighters. Issue 10 (October 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Waldman, Hunter S.; Smith, JohnEric W.; Lamberth, John; Fountain, Brent J.; Bloomer, Richard J.; Butawan, Matthew B.; McAllister, Matthew J.
• Is Part Of: Journal of strength and conditioning research. Volume 34:Issue 10(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-10
• Subjects: nutrition -- high-stress occupation -- heart disease -- oxidative stress -- inflammation; Physical education and training -- Periodicals; Weight training -- Physiological aspects -- Periodicals; Physical fitness -- Periodicals; 613.7
• DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003749
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1064-8011

Abstract

Abstract : Abstract: Waldman, HS, Smith, JW, Lamberth, J, Fountain, BJ, Bloomer, RJ, Butawan, MB, and McAllister, MJ. A 28-day carbohydrate-restricted diet improves markers of cardiovascular disease in professional firefighters. J Strength Cond Res 34(10): 2785–2792, 2020—This study compared the effects of a 4-week, nonketogenic, carbohydrate-restricted (<25% of calories) diet (CRD) on markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in professional firefighters (FF). Subjects ( n = 15) reported to the laboratory for 2 sessions (i.e., baseline and post-CRD) where blood was drawn from an antecubital vein after a 10-hour overnight fast. Dependent variables measured at baseline and post-CRD included adiponectin, insulin, human growth hormone, cortisol, C-reactive protein, albumin, lipids, glucose, amylase, creatine kinase, malondialdehyde (MDA), advance oxidation protein products (AOPP), total nitrate + nitrite, and soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1. Compared with baseline, the CRD resulted in dramatic improvements to subjects' cardiometabolic profiles, including decreases in AOPP (51.3 ± 27.3 vs. 32.9 ± 7.9 ng·ml −1 ), MDA (1.6 ± 0.6 vs. 1.1 ± 0.5 µmol·L −1 ), and triglycerides (84.4 ± 34.4 vs. 64.2 ± 14.4 mg·dl −1 ), respectively. In addition, the CRD increased total cholesterol (151.5 ± 23.0 vs. 167.7 ± 38.2 mg·dl −1 ) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (46.3 ± 12.7 vs. 50.6 ± 15.5 mg·dl −1 ), but no differences were found with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Overall, our results show a 4-week CRD can favorably improve some markers of cardiovascular health in male FF.