Garlic‐Derived Organosulfur Compounds Regulate Metabolic and Immune Pathways in Macrophages and Attenuate Intestinal Inflammation in Mice. Issue 7 (7th March 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhu, Ling; Myhill, Laura J.; Andersen‐Civil, Audrey I. S.; Thamsborg, Stig M.; Blanchard, Alexandra; Williams, Andrew R.
• Is Part Of: Molecular nutrition & food research. Volume 66:Issue 7(2022)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2022-03-07
• Subjects: garlic -- gut health -- immune -- inflammation -- parasite infection; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Food -- Microbiology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food -- Toxicology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food Microbiology -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; 664.0705
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202101004
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1613-4125

Abstract

Abstract: Scope : Garlic is a source of bioactive phytonutrients that may have anti‐inflammatory or immunomodulatory properties. The mechanism(s) underlying the bioactivity of these compounds and their ability to regulate responses to enteric infections remains unclear. Methods and Results : This study investigates if a garlic‐derived preparation (PTSO‐PTS) containing two organosulfur metabolites, propyl‐propane thiosulfonate (PTSO), and propyl‐propane thiosulfinate (PTS), regulate inflammatory responses in murine macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) in vitro, as well as in a model of enteric parasite‐induced inflammation. PTSO‐PTS decreases lipopolysaccharide‐induced secretion of TNFα, IL‐6, and IL‐27 in macrophages. RNA‐sequencing demonstrates that PTSO‐PTS strongly suppresses pathways related to immune and inflammatory signaling. PTSO‐PTS induces the expression of a number of genes involved in antioxidant responses in IEC during exposure to antigens from the parasite Trichuris muris . In vivo, PTSO‐PTS does not affect T. muris establishment or intestinal T‐cell responses but significantly alters cecal transcriptomic responses. Notably, a reduction in T. muris ‐induced expression of Tnf, Saa2, and Nos2 is observed. Conclusion : Garlic‐derived organosulfur compounds exert anti‐inflammatory effects in macrophages and IEC, and regulate gene expression during intestinal infection. These compounds and related organic molecules may thus hold potential as functional food components to improve gut health in humans and animals. Abstract : Garlic may contain several compounds with health‐promoting properties. Here, we examined if an extract containing two specific organosulfur compounds regulated inflammatory responses in macrophages, intestinal epithelial cells, and in the gut of mice during chronic infection with an enteric parasite. We show that these garlic‐derived compounds have anti‐inflammatory activity and hold promise as novel functional food components to promote gut health.