Resistant starch wheat increases PYY and decreases GIP but has no effect on self-reported perceptions of satiety. (1st January 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hughes, Riley L.; Horn, William F.; Wen, Anita; Rust, Bret; Woodhouse, Leslie R.; Newman, John W.; Keim, Nancy L.
• Is Part Of: Appetite. Volume 168(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-01-01
• Subjects: AUC area under the curve -- BMI body mass index -- CA cholic acid -- CDCA chenodeoxycholic acid -- C Control -- DCA deoxycholic acid -- FXR farnesoid X receptor -- FGF-19 fibroblast growth factor-19 -- GCA glycocholic acid -- GCDCA glycochenodeoxycholic acid -- GDCA glycodeoxycholic acid -- GIP glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide -- GLP-1 glucagon-like peptide-1 -- iAUC incremental area under the curve -- IRB Institutional Review Board -- LCA lithocholic acid -- PYY peptide YY -- RIA radioimmunoassay -- RS resistant starch -- RS2 resistant starch type 2 -- TCDCA taurochenodeoxycholic acid -- TDCA taurodeoxycholic acid -- TILLING® Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes -- UDCA ursodeoxycholic acid -- VAS visual analog scales; Resistant starch -- Fiber -- Satiety -- Fullness -- Hunger -- Wheat; Food habits -- Periodicals; Appetite -- Periodicals; Appetite disorders -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 306.4613
• DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105802
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0195-6663

Abstract

Abstract: Dietary fiber has numerous health benefits, such as increasing satiety, and is regularly included in healthy dietary recommendations. However, different types and sources of fiber vary in their chemical properties and biological effects. This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study investigated the effects of resistant starch type 2 (RS2) from wheat on self-reported perceptions of satiety and associated gut hormones in 30 healthy adults ages 40–65 years of age. Participants consumed rolls made using either RS2-enriched wheat flour or a wild-type flour for one week before a test day during which they ate a mixed meal containing the same roll type. Both self-reported perceptions of satiety and plasma concentrations of gut hormones were measured following the meal to assess whether the RS2-enriched wheat enhanced satiety and suppressed hunger for a longer period than the control wheat. Exploratory analysis indicated that fasting and peak concentration of peptide YY3-36 (PYY3-36 ; qfast = 0.02, qpeak = 0.02) increased, while peak concentration and iAUC of glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP; qpeak < 0.001, qiAUC < 0.001) decreased after ingesting RS2-enriched wheat. However, self-reported perceptions of hunger or fullness using visual analog scales (VAS) did not differ following the test meal.