Novel Relationship Between Plasmalogen Lipid Signatures and Carnosine in Humans. Issue 20 (27th August 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mayneris‐Perxachs, Jordi; Meikle, Peter; Mousa, Aya; Naderpoor, Negar; Fernández‐Real, José Manuel; de Courten, Barbora
• Is Part Of: Molecular nutrition & food research. Volume 65:Issue 20(2021)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2021-08-27
• Subjects: carnosine -- iron -- lipidomics -- muscle -- obesity; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Food -- Microbiology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food -- Toxicology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food Microbiology -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; 664.0705
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100164
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1613-4125

Abstract

Abstract : Introduction: Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide abundant in the skeletal and cardiac muscle and brain, which has been shown to improve glucose metabolism and cardiovascular risk. This study showed that carnosine supplementation had positive changes on plasma lipidome. Here, this study aimed to establish the relationship of muscle carnosine and serum carnosinase‐1 with cardiometabolic risk factors and the lipidome. Methods and Results: This study profiles >450 lipid species in 65 overweight/obese nondiabetic individuals. Intensive metabolic testing is conducted using direct gold‐standard measures of adiposity, insulin sensitivity and secretion, as well as measurement of serum inflammatory cytokines and adipokines. Muscle carnosine is negatively associated with 2‐h glucose concentrations, whereas serum carnosinase‐1 levels are negatively associated with insulin sensitivity and positively with IL‐18. O‐PLS and machine learning analyses reveal a strong association of muscle carnosine with ether lipids, particularly arachidonic acid‐containing plasmalogens. Carnosinase‐1 levels are positively associated with total phosphatidylethanolamines, but negatively with lysoalkylphosphatidylcholines, trihexosylceramides, and gangliosides. In particular, alkylphosphatidylethanolamine species containing arachidonic acid are positively associated with carnosinase‐1. Conclusion: These associations reinforce the role of muscle carnosine and serum carnosinase‐1 in the interplay among low‐grade chronic inflammation, glucose homeostasis, and insulin sensitivity. Abstract : Carnosine has shown to improve glucose metabolism and cardiovascular risk. This study explores the relationship with the plasma lipidome by profiling >450 lipid species. Muscle carnosine and serum carnosinase‐1 activity (CN1) were negatively associated with 2‐h glucose and insulin sensitivity, respectively. This study identifies a strong association of carnosine and CN1 with plasmalogens containing arachidonic acid, a precursor of inflammatory mediators. The results of this study highlight the close link among carnosine, low‐grade chronic inflammation, and glucose homeostasis.