Determination of furanic compounds in Mopane worms, corn, and peanuts using headspace solid-phase microextraction with gas chromatography-flame ionisation detector. (1st February 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Masite, Nonkululeko S.; Ncube, Somandla; Mtunzi, Fanyana M.; Madikizela, Lawrence M.; Pakade, Vusumzi E.
• Is Part Of: Food chemistry. Volume 369(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-02-01
• Subjects: Furan -- Thermally processed food -- HS-SPME -- GC/FID -- Mopane worms; Food -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food -- Composition -- Periodicals; 664
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130944
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0308-8146

Abstract

Highlights: HS-SPME-GC/FID method for determination of furans in traditional foods was developed. Furans were monitored in dried Mopane worms, corn, and roasted peanuts. Good recoveries (67–106%) and low detection limits (0.54–3.5 µg kg −1 ) were obtained. Furan and 2-methylfuran were detected in food samples. Abstract: A headspace-solid phase microextraction - gas chromatography-flame ionisation detector (HS-SPME-GC/FID) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of furan, 2-methylfuran and 2-furaldehyde in thermally processed Mopane worms, corn, and peanuts. The optimal HS-SPME conditions with polydimethylsiloxane/carboxen/divinylbenzene (PDMS/CAR/DVB) fiber were 30 °C, 40 min and 600 rpm stirring speed. The recoveries, detection and quantification limits for the analytes in food samples were 67–106%, 0.54–3.5 µg kg −1, and 1.8–12 µg kg −1, respectively. These results showed that the developed method was accurate, reproducible, and sensitive for the determination of furan, 2-methylfuran and 2-furaldehyde in complex food matrices with limited interference from other components. The optimised analytical method was applied for monitoring the presence of the furanic compounds in heat-processed South African foods. Although 2-furaldehyde was not detected in food samples, the maximum concentrations of 24 and 95 µg kg −1 were found for furan and 2-methylfuran, respectively.