Characterizing neuroanatomic heterogeneity in people with and without ADHD based on subcortical brain volumes. (30th March 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Li, Ting; van Rooij, Daan; Roth Mota, Nina; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Hoogman, Martine; Arias Vasquez, Alejandro; Franke, Barbara
• Other Names: Ambrosino Sara investigator.; Banaschewski Tobias investigator.; Bandeira Cibele E. investigator.; Bau Claiton H.D. investigator.; Baumeister Sarah investigator.; Baur‐Streubel Ramona investigator.; Bellgrove Mark A. investigator.; Biederman Joseph investigator.; Bralten Janita investigator.; Bramati Ivanei E. investigator.; Brandeis Daniel investigator.; Berm Silvia investigator.; Busatto Geraldo F. investigator.; Calvo Anna investigator.; Castellanos Francisco X. investigator.; Cercignani Mara investigator.; Chantiluke Kaylita C. investigator.; Christakou Anastasia investigator.; Coghill David investigator.; Conzelmann Annette investigator.; Cubillo Ana I. investigator.; Cupertino Renata B. investigator.; de Zeeuw Parick investigator.; Durston Sarah investigator.; Earl Eric A. investigator.; Epstein Jeffery N. investigator.; Ethofer Thomas investigator.; Fallgatter Andreas J. investigator.; Fair Damien A. investigator.; Faraone Stephen V. investigator.; Frodl Thomas investigator.; Gabel Matt C. investigator.; Gogberashvili Tinatin investigator.; Grevet Eugenio H. investigator.; Haavik Jan investigator.; Harrison Neil A. investigator.; Hartman Catharina A. investigator.; Heslenfeld Dirk J. investigator.; Hoekstra Pieter J. investigator.; Høvik Marie F. investigator.; Jahanshad Neda investigator.; Kardatzki Bernd investigator.; Karkashadze Georgii investigator.; Kelly Clare investigator.; Kohls Gregor investigator.; Konrad Kerstin investigator.; Kuntsi Jonna investigator.; Lazaro Luisa investigator.; Lera‐Miguel Sara investigator.; Lesch Klaus‐Peter investigator.; Louza Mario R. investigator.; Lundervold Astri J. investigator.; Malpas Charles B. investigator.; Mattos Paulo investigator.; McCarthy Hazel investigator.; Nicolau Rosa investigator.; Nigg Joel T. investigator.; O'Gorman Tuura Ruth L. investigator.; Oosterlaan Jaap investigator.; Oranje Bob investigator.; Paloyelis Yannis investigator.; Pauli Paul investigator.; Picon Felipe A. investigator.; Plessen Kerstin J. investigator.; Ramos‐Quiroga J. Antoni investigator.; Reif Andreas investigator.; Reneman Liesbeth investigator.; Rosa Pedro G.P. investigator.; Rubia Katya investigator.; Schrantee Anouk investigator.; Schweren Lizanne J.S. investigator.; Seitz Jochen investigator.; Shaw Philip investigator.; Silk Tim J. investigator.; Skokauskas Norbert investigator.; Carlos Soliva Vila Juan investigator.; Soloveva Anastasiia investigator.; Stevens Michael C. investigator.; Sudre Gustavo investigator.; Tamm Leanne investigator.; Thompson Paul M. investigator.; Tovar‐Moll Fernanda investigator.; van Erp Theo GM investigator.; Vance Alasdair investigator.; Vilarroya Oscar investigator.; Vives‐Gilabert Yolanda investigator.; von Polier Georg G. investigator.; Walitza Susanne investigator.; Yoncheva Yuliya N. investigator.; Zanetti Marcus V. investigator.; Ziegler Georg C. investigator.; Anikin Anatoly investigator.; Asherson Philip investigator.; Baranov Alexandr investigator.; Chaim‐Avanicini Tiffany investigator.; Dale Anders M. investigator.; Doyle Alysa E. investigator.; L. Jernigan Terry investigator.; Hohmann Sarah investigator.; Kapilushniy Dmitry investigator.; Mehta Mitul investigator.; Namazova‐Baranova Leyla investigator.; Novotny Stephanie E. investigator.; Oberwelland Weiss Eileen investigator.; Schwarz Lena investigator.;
• Is Part Of: Journal of child psychology and psychiatry and allied disciplines. Volume 62:Number 9(2021)
• Page Start: 1140
• Page End: 1149
• Publication Date: 2021-03-30
• Subjects: ADHD -- subcortical volume -- neuroanatomic heterogeneity -- community detection -- effect sizes; Child psychology -- Periodicals; Child psychiatry -- Periodicals; 155.4
• DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13384
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0021-9630

Abstract

Abstract : Background: Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder. Neuroanatomic heterogeneity limits our understanding of ADHD's etiology. This study aimed to parse heterogeneity of ADHD and to determine whether patient subgroups could be discerned based on subcortical brain volumes. Methods: Using the large ENIGMA‐ADHD Working Group dataset, four subsamples of 993 boys with and without ADHD and to subsamples of 653 adult men, 400 girls, and 447 women were included in analyses. We applied exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to seven subcortical volumes in order to constrain the complexity of the input variables and ensure more stable clustering results. Factor scores derived from the EFA were used to build networks. A community detection (CD) algorithm clustered participants into subgroups based on the networks. Results: Exploratory factor analysis revealed three factors (basal ganglia, limbic system, and thalamus) in boys and men with and without ADHD. Factor structures for girls and women differed from those in males. Given sample size considerations, we concentrated subsequent analyses on males. Male participants could be separated into four communities, of which one was absent in healthy men. Significant case–control differences of subcortical volumes were observed within communities in boys, often with stronger effect sizes compared to the entire sample. As in the entire sample, none were observed in men. Affected men in two of the communities presented comorbidities more frequently than those in other communities. There were no significant differences in ADHD symptom severity, IQ, and medication use between communities in either boys or men. Conclusions: Our results indicate that neuroanatomic heterogeneity in subcortical volumes exists, irrespective of ADHD diagnosis. Effect sizes of case–control differences appear more pronounced at least in some of the subgroups.