Assessment of multiple mycotoxins in raw milk of three different animal species in Nigeria. (January 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Akinyemi, Muiz O.; Braun, Dominik; Windisch, Patrick; Warth, Benedikt; Ezekiel, Chibundu N.
• Is Part Of: Food control. Volume 131(2022)
• Publication Date: 2022-01
• Subjects: Camel -- Cow -- Goat -- Food safety -- Milk -- Mycotoxins -- Public health; Food -- Quality -- Periodicals; Food -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food handling -- Periodicals; Food industry and trade -- Quality control -- Periodicals; Aliments -- Industrie et commerce -- Qualité -- Contrôle -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Qualité -- Périodiques; Aliments -- Analyse -- Périodiques; Hygiène alimentaire -- Périodiques; Food -- Analysis; Food handling; Food -- Quality; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 664.07
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108258
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0956-7135

Abstract

Abstract: The mycotoxin profile of 135 raw milk samples from camel ( n = 25), cow ( n = 23) and goat ( n = 87) in Nigeria was assessed by an ultra-sensitive LC-MS/MS method. Four, seven and 17 of the tested 36 mycotoxins were detected in camel, cow and goat milk, respectively. Among these were aflatoxin P1, alternariol monomethyl ether, citrinin, dihydrocitrinone, enniatins, ochratoxin α and sterigmatocystin reported for the first time in animal milk. The regulated aflatoxin M1 contaminated all cow milk (max: 81 ng/L) and 49% of goat milk (max: 3108 ng/L) samples, with 13% and 55%, respectively, exceeding the 50 ng/L EU limit. Aflatoxin M1 was not detected in camel milk samples. Overall, at least one mycotoxin was detected in 97% of all samples; beauvericin (87%) being the most frequent. Raw animal milk presents an additional source of mycotoxin exposures in the Nigerian populace. Consequently, mycotoxin mitigation should also target the dairy food chain. Highlights: Mycotoxins in 135 raw milk samples from camel, cow and goat were profiled. Camel, cow and goat milk contained 4, 7 and 17 mycotoxins, respectively. First report of AFP1, AME, CIT, DHC, enniatins, OTα and STER in animal milk. Animal milk is an additional multiple mycotoxin exposure source in Nigeria.