Micronutrient dietary intakes and their food sources in adults: the Hellenic National Nutrition and Health Survey (HNNHS). Issue 3 (26th January 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mitsopoulou, Anastasia Vasiliki; Magriplis, Emmanuela; Michas, George; Micha, Renata; Chourdakis, Michalis; Chrousos, George P.; Roma, Eleftheria; Panagiotakos, Demosthenes B.; Zampelas, Antonis; Karageorgou, Dimitra; Bakogianni, Ioanna; Dimakopoulos, Ioannis; Ntouroupi, Triantafyllia; Tsaniklidou, Sophia‐Maria; Argyri, Konstantina; Fappa, Evangelia; Theodoraki, Eleni‐Maria; Trichia, Eirini; Sialvera, Theodora‐Eirini; Varytimiadi, Aggeliki; Spyreli, Eleni; Koutelidakis, Antonis; Karlis, George; Zacharia, Stauroula; Papageorgiou, Anna; Dedoussis, Georgios; Dimitriadis, George; Manios, Ioannis
• Is Part Of: Journal of human nutrition and dietetics. Volume 34:Issue 3(2021)
• Page Start: 616
• Page End: 628
• Publication Date: 2021-01-26
• Subjects: micronutrient adequacy -- usual intake -- nutrients -- food group contribution; Dietetics -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; 613.205
• DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12840
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0952-3871

Abstract

Abstract: Background: The present study aimed to assess micronutrient intake among Greek adults and to identify the main food sources that contribute to it. Methods: Food consumption data from 2389 participants in the Hellenic National Nutrition and Health Survey (HNNHS), collected with 24‐h recalls, was used to calculate micronutrient intakes. Usual nutrient intake was estimated according to the National Cancer Institute method. Nutrient adequacy was estimated using the estimated average requirement (EAR) cut‐point method, when available, or adequate intake otherwise. The probability approach was used to determine iron intake adequacy in females of reproductive age. Food group contribution for each nutrient assessed was derived to identify their main food sources. Results: Almost all individuals had vitamin D intake below EAR, whereas vitamins A, E, K and C, as well as potassium intake, were also insufficient in a considerable percentage of the population (>70% in most age groups). Calcium intake was substantially below the EAR for females aged >50 years and males >70 years; the same for magnesium in males >70 years. Furthermore, 50% of females, including those of reproductive age, had intake of folate below EAR. More than 50% of the population (to 79%) exceeded the upper tolerable limit for sodium (2300 mg day −1 ). Food contribution analysis revealed that most vitamins were derived from low‐quality foods (i.e. fast‐food). Conclusions: A significant proportion of adults residing in Greece have low nutrient intake and poor food selections. These results provide guidance to public health policy makers for developing strategies to improve the dietary quality in Greece. Abstract : The aim of the present work was to assess micronutrient intake and identify the main food sources that contributed to it in n = 2389 adults who participated in the HNNHS study (Hellenic National Nutrition and Health Sruvey) Greece. Findings have shown that a large proportion of the population had low micronutrient intake and poor food selections.