Comparison of the bioavailability and intestinal absorption sites of phytoene, phytofluene, lycopene and β-carotene. (1st December 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mapelli-Brahm, Paula; Margier, Marielle; Desmarchelier, Charles; Halimi, Charlotte; Nowicki, Marion; Borel, Patrick; Meléndez-Martínez, Antonio J.; Reboul, Emmanuelle
• Is Part Of: Food chemistry. Volume 300(2019)
• Publication Date: 2019-12-01
• Subjects: Tomato carotenoid -- Digestion -- Enterocyte -- Intestine -- Mice; CD36 CD36 molecule -- CRBPII Cytosolic Retinol Binding Protein Type II -- LRAT Lecithin-Retinol Acyltransferase -- SR-BI Scavenger Receptor class B type I -- NPC1-L1 NPC1 like intracellular cholesterol transporter 1; Food -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food -- Composition -- Periodicals; 664
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125232
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0308-8146

Abstract

Highlights: Phytofluene is more bioavailable than lycopene and β-carotene in mice. CD36 and SR-BI are mostly expressed in the proximal intestine. All carotenes equally accumulated in the different parts of mouse intestine. Phytofluene and phytoene tended to accumulate in the distal intestine. Abstract: The mechanisms of main tomato carotenes (phytoene, phytofluene, lycopene and β-carotene) intestinal absorption are still only partly understood. We thus compared carotene bioavailability in mice after gavage with carotene-rich oil-in-water emulsions. We also determined each carotene absorption profile along the duodenal-ileal axis of the intestine to identify their respective absorption sites and compared these profiles with the gene expression sites of their identified transporters, i.e. SR-BI and CD36. Our data show that phytofluene presented a significantly higher bioavailability compared to lycopene and β-carotene (areas under the curve of 0.76 ± 0.09 vs. 0.30 ± 0.05, 0.09 ± 0.05 and 0.08 ± 0.01 μmol/L·h for phytofluene, phytoene, lycopene and β-carotene, respectively). β-Carotene was mostly converted in the proximal and median intestine. Phytoene and phytofluene accumulation tended to be more important in the distal intestine, which did not correlate with the proximal expression of both Scarb1 and CD36 . Overall, these results highlight the high bioavailability of phytofluene.