Bacteria-Triggered Systemic Immunity in Barley Is Associated with WRKY and ETHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTORs But Not with Salicylic Acid. Issue 4 (20th October 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Dey, Sanjukta; Wenig, Marion; Langen, Gregor; Sharma, Sapna; Kugler, Karl G.; Knappe, Claudia; Hause, Bettina; Bichlmeier, Marlies; Babaeizad, Valiollah; Imani, Jafargholi; Janzik, Ingar; Stempfl, Thomas; Hückelhoven, Ralph; Kogel, Karl-Heinz; Mayer, Klaus F.X.; Vlot, A. Corina
• Is Part Of: Plant physiology. Volume 166:Issue 4(2014)
• Page Start: 2133
• Page End: 2151
• Publication Date: 2014-10-20
• Subjects: Plant physiology -- Periodicals; Botany -- Periodicals; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 571.2
• DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.249276
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0032-0889

Abstract

Abstract : Infection of barley with bacteria induces systemic resistance against a secondary Xanthomonas translucens infection and does not appear to be associated with salicylic acid . Abstract: Leaf-to-leaf systemic immune signaling known as systemic acquired resistance is poorly understood in monocotyledonous plants. Here, we characterize systemic immunity in barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) triggered after primary leaf infection with either Pseudomonas syringae pathovar japonica ( Psj ) or Xanthomonas translucens pathovar cerealis ( Xtc ). Both pathogens induced resistance in systemic, uninfected leaves against a subsequent challenge infection with Xtc . In contrast to systemic acquired resistance in Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana ), systemic immunity in barley was not associated with NONEXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES1 or the local or systemic accumulation of salicylic acid. Instead, we documented a moderate local but not systemic induction of abscisic acid after infection of leaves with Psj . In contrast to salicylic acid or its functional analog benzothiadiazole, local applications of the jasmonic acid methyl ester or abscisic acid triggered systemic immunity to Xtc . RNA sequencing analysis of local and systemic transcript accumulation revealed unique gene expression changes in response to both Psj and Xtc and a clear separation of local from systemic responses. The systemic response appeared relatively modest, and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction associated systemic immunity with the local and systemic induction of two WRKY and two ETHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR (ERF)-like transcription factors. Systemic immunity against Xtc was further associated with transcriptional changes after a secondary/systemic Xtc challenge infection; these changes were dependent on the primary treatment. Taken together, bacteria-induced systemic immunity in barley may be mediated in part by WRKY and ERF-like transcription factors, possibly facilitating transcriptional reprogramming to potentiate immunity.