Effects of Insoluble Cereal Fibre on Body Fat Distribution in the Optimal Fibre Trial. Issue 12 (16th May 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kabisch, Stefan; Honsek, Caroline; Kemper, Margrit; Gerbracht, Christiana; Meyer, Nina Marie Tosca; Arafat, Ayman M.; Birkenfeld, Andreas L.; Machann, Jürgen; Dambeck, Ulrike; Osterhoff, Martin A.; Weickert, Martin O.; Pfeiffer, Andreas F. H.
• Is Part Of: Molecular nutrition & food research. Volume 65:Issue 12(2021)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2021-05-16
• Subjects: diabetes mellitus type 2 -- diabetes prevention -- impaired glucose tolerance -- insoluble dietary fibre -- liver fat -- non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease -- prediabetes -- visceral adipose tissue; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Food -- Microbiology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food -- Toxicology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food Microbiology -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; 664.0705
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000991
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1613-4125

Abstract

Abstract : Scope: The Optimal Fibre Trial (OptiFiT) investigates metabolic effects of insoluble cereal fibre in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), showing moderate glycemic and anti‐inflammatory benefits, especially in subjects with an obesity‐related phenotype. An OptiFiT sub‐group is analysed for effects on body fat distribution. Methods and results: 180 participants with IGT receive a blinded, randomized supplementation with insoluble cereal fibre or placebo for 2 years. Once a year, all subjects undergo fasting blood sampling, oral glucose tolerance test, and anthropometric measurements. A subgroup (n=47) also received magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy for quantification of adipose tissue distribution and liver fat content. We compared MR, metabolic and inflammatory outcomes between fibre and placebo group metabolism and inflammation. Visceral and non‐visceral fat, fasting glucose, HbA1c, fasting insulin, insulin resistance, and uric acid decrease only in the fibre group, mirroring effects of the entire cohort. However, after adjustment for weight loss, there are no significant between‐group differences. There is a statistical trend for fibre‐driven liver fat reduction in subjects with confirmed non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD; n = 19). Conclusions: Data and evidence on beneficial effects of insoluble cereal fibre on visceral and hepatic fatstorage is limited, but warrants further research. Targeted trials are required. Abstract : High intake of cereal fiber is associated with lower risk for type 2 diabetes and other non‐communicable diseases. We tested, whether one‐year supplementation with insoluble fiber improves not only glucose metabolism but also hepatic and visceral fat depots in prediabetes patients. Borderline benefits on pathological fat depots indicate the need for further studies on the metabolic potential of well‐defined cereal fibers.