1H‐NMR analysis, antioxidant activity, and α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase inhibitory potential of ten common Thai edible flowers. (23rd January 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wongsa, Prinya; Rattanapanone, Nithiya
• Is Part Of: Journal of the science of food and agriculture. Volume 101:Number 10(2021)
• Page Start: 4380
• Page End: 4389
• Publication Date: 2021-01-23
• Subjects: antidiabetic potential -- edible flowers -- 1H‐NMR -- metabolites -- phenolic compounds; Food -- Periodicals; Agriculture -- Periodicals; 664
• DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11079
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-5142

Abstract

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Edible flowers have been used in cooking as foods as well as medicine alternatives. The objectives were to identify a major class of organic compounds in edible flowers by applying proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H‐NMR) metabolite fingerprinting and to evaluate bioactivity including antioxidant and α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase inhibitory activities. RESULTS: A total of 32 metabolites including five organic acids, eight sugars, 11 amino acids and eight phenolic compounds were identified by using 1 H‐NMR at 600 MHz. The aromatic proton of phenolic compounds was observed at the low‐field region ranged between δ 5.5 ppm and 10.0 ppm. Total phenolic content (TPC) of the extracts of edible flowers ranged from 6.0 mg GAE g −1 dry weight (DW) to 47.97 mg GAE g −1 DW. Antioxidant activity varied from 140.5 mmol L −1 TE g −1 DW to 985.2 mmol L −1 TE g −1 DW. The extracts from edible flowers showed dose‐dependent inhibition against enzyme. The extract of African marigold ( Tagetes erecta L.) had the highest half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) against α‐amylase at 0.13 mg mL −1 while the extract of flower of Sesban agasta ( Sesbania grandiflora Desv.) had the lowest IC50 against α‐amylase at 0.63 mg mL −1 . Moderate correlation was found between IC50 values against α‐glucosidase and antioxidant activity values ( R 2 = 0.66) ( P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: 1 H‐NMR application provided metabolomic fingerprinting of edible flowers and the in vitro inhibitory potential activity against key enzymes related to diabetes indicated that specific edible flowers have a potential use for dietary management during the early stages of hyperglycaemia. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry