Chemical profiling, antiviral and antiproliferative activities of the essential oil of Phlomis aurea Decne grown in Egypt. Issue 10 (29th April 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Torky, Zenab Aly; Moussa, Ashaimaa Y.; Abdelghffar, Eman A.; Abdel-Hameed, Usama K.; Eldahshan, Omayma A.
• Is Part Of: Food & function. Volume 12:Issue 10(2021)
• Page Start: 4630
• Page End: 4643
• Publication Date: 2021-04-29
• Subjects: Food -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food -- Composition -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; 664.07
• DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03417g
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2042-6496

Abstract

Abstract : Here, we investigated the chemical composition of the edible Phlomis aurea oil and its anticancer potential on three human cancer cell lines, as well as its antiviral activity against Herpes simplex-1 (HSV-1). Abstract : Here, we investigated the chemical composition of the edible Phlomis aurea oil and its anticancer potential on three human cancer cell lines, as well as its antiviral activity against Herpes simplex-1 (HSV-1). Exploring Phlomis aurea Decne essential oil by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) revealed the presence of four major components: germacrene D (51.56%), trans -β-farnesene (11.36%), α-pinene (22.96%) & limonene (6.26%). An antiproliferative effect, as determined by the MTT assay, against human hepatic, breast and colon cancer cell lines, manifested IC50 values of 10.14, 328.02, & 628.43 μg mL −1, respectively. Cytotoxicity assay of the Phlomis oil against Vero cell lines revealed a safe profile within the range of 50 μg ml −1 . Phlomis essential oil induced the apoptosis of HepG2 cells through increasing cell accumulation in sub G1 & G2/M phases, decreasing both S & G0/G1 phases of the cell cycle, triggering both caspases-3 &-9, and inhibiting cyclin dependent kinase-2 (CDK2). The antiviral activity of the oil against HSV-1 was investigated using the plaque reduction assay, which showed 80% of virus inhibition. Moreover, the molecular docking in silico study of the four major chemical constituents of the oil at the CDK2 binding site demonstrated marked interactions with the ATP-binding site residues through alkyl & Pi-alkyl interactions. Cell cycle distribution of HepG2 cells was studied using flow cytometry to highlight the apoptotic mechanistic approaches by measuring caspases-3 &-9 and CDK2 activities. Thus, the edible Phlomis oil can be regarded as a candidate for in vivo studies to prove that it is a promising natural antiviral/anticancer agent.