Microbial Metabolites, Postbiotics, and Intestinal Epithelial Function. Issue 5 (11th October 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mayorgas, Aida; Dotti, Isabella; Salas, Azucena
• Other Names: Rogler Gerhard guestEditor.; Zaugg Michael guestEditor.
• Is Part Of: Molecular nutrition & food research. Volume 65:Issue 5(2021)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2020-10-11
• Subjects: anti‐inflammatory effect -- inflammatory bowel disease -- intestinal epithelial cell -- microbial metabolites -- postbiotics; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Food -- Microbiology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food -- Toxicology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food Microbiology -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; 664.0705
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000188
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1613-4125

Abstract

Abstract: Chronic inflammatory disorders are rising worldwide. The implication of the microbiota in persistent inflammation has been studied for years, but a direct causal relationship has not yet been stablished. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) form a protective barrier against detrimental luminal components. Indeed, a decrease in epithelial integrity may trigger a severe inflammatory reaction due to the infiltration of potentially harmful molecules and microorganisms. Bacterial imbalance, more commonly known as dysbiosis, occurs during inflammation and several strategies have been proposed to counteract this condition. Probiotics have been widely used to positively alter the inherited microbial composition and recover a eubiotic status. Nevertheless, probiotics are thought to impair the return of the indigenous microbiome, and to aggravate inflammation in compromised patients. In contrast, postbiotics—bacterial‐free metabolites secreted by probiotic strains—have been proposed as a better and safer strategy. Recent scientific studies that have demonstrated the immunomodulatory properties and epithelial protection of postbiotics are summarized in this review, with an emphasis on the available methods that are currently in use to better understand the role of postbiotics in health and nutrition. Abstract : Bacterial‐derived products are important energy sources as well as potent modulators of intestinal health. Postbiotics—metabolites secreted by probiotic strains—are being explored in different diseases to promote epithelial function. In this article, recent studies are reviewed that explore the effects of bacterial metabolites and postbiotics in intestinal epithelial cells. Therefore, the potential benefits of postbiotics in intestinal diseases are discussed.