Occurrences of eight common-used pesticide adjuvants in ten vegetable species and implications for dietary intake in North China. (15th June 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Jiang, Duoduo; Cheng, Zhipeng; Chen, Xixi; Dong, Fengshou; Xu, Jun; Liu, Xingang; Wu, Xiaohu; Pan, Xinglu; An, Xiaokang; Zheng, Yongquan
• Is Part Of: Food chemistry. Volume 347(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-06-15
• Subjects: Tristyrylphenol ethoxylates, PubChem SID: 342551393 -- Nonylphenol, PubChem SID: 1752 -- Octylphenol, PubChem SID: 15730 -- Methanol, PubChem CID: 887 -- Toluene, PubChem CID: 1140 -- o-Xylene, PubChem CID: 7237 -- m-Xylene, PubChem CID: 7929 -- p-Xylene, PubChem CID: 7809 -- Dimethyl sulfoxide, PubChem CID: 679 -- N, N-Dimethylformamide, PubChem CID: 6228; Pesticide adjuvants -- Vegetables -- Residue levels -- Dietary risk assessment; Food -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food -- Composition -- Periodicals; 664
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128984
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0308-8146

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Occurrences of pesticide adjuvants in foodstuffs should be concerned. 8 common-used pesticide adjuvants were firstly investigated in vegetables in North China. Dietary intake of 8 pesticide adjuvants for adults via vegetables was calculated. Abstract: Pesticide adjuvants (PAs) are important components of pesticide products. However, limited information is available regarding their occurrences in foodstuffs. Herein, eight common-used PAs were investigated in vegetables in North China in 2014–2016. The residue levels of total PAs in vegetables from markets and farms were 500 and 661 μg/kg, respectively. The highest residues of total PAs were found in cauliflowers (average: 1.53 × 10 3 μg/kg, market vegetables) and spinaches (average: 3.72 × 10 3 μg/kg, farm vegetables), respectively. In addition, Tristyrylphenol ethoxylates (TPE) dominated the total 8 PAs concentrations in most vegetable species. Moreover, the risk assessment showed that the human health risks associated with TPE and nonylphenol (NP) exposure via vegetables for adults were acceptable, and the estimated daily intakes (EDIs) of other six PAs were in the range of <0.010–0.89 μg/kg bw/day, which were less likely to pose a threat to human health.