Coffee induces AHR- and Nrf2-mediated transcription in intestinal epithelial cells. (30th March 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Toydemir, Gamze; Loonen, Linda M.P.; Venkatasubramanian, Prashanna Balaji; Mes, Jurriaan J.; Wells, Jerry M.; De Wit, Nicole
• Is Part Of: Food chemistry. Volume 341(2021)Part 2
• Publication Date: 2021-03-30
• Subjects: Coffee -- AHR -- Nrf2 -- DR CALUX® -- Caco-2 -- Real-time qPCR; Food -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food -- Composition -- Periodicals; 664
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128261
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0308-8146

Abstract

Highlights: Coffee has a considerable AHR -activating potency. TC exerted a significantly higher DR CALUX® activity than FC and IC. AHR activities of TC, FC, and IC substantially decreased after Caco-2 cell exposures. Coffee increased the relative mRNA levels of a variety of AHR/Nrf2 target genes. Abstract: Coffee induces a health-promoting adaptive response of cells in the body. Here, we investigated enterocyte responses to AHR agonists in coffee and measured their transport across a polarized intestinal epithelium. AHR -activating potencies of Turkish, filter, and instant coffee were determined using DR CALUX® bioassay, before and after intestinal metabolization by Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, effects of coffee on induction of AHR - and Nrf2 -pathway genes in Caco-2 cells were evaluated by real-time qPCR. Coffee samples showed considerable AHR -activating potencies in DR CALUX® bioassay (up to 79% of positive control activity). After incubation with Caco-2 cells, AHR activity of different coffees was between 35 and 64% of their initial value, suggesting rapid uptake and metabolization by epithelial cells. Expression of AHR -regulated gene CYP1A1 increased up to 41-fold and most Nrf2 -pathway genes were up-regulated by coffee. This in vitro study may support the notion that coffee bioactives contribute to antioxidant defense and detoxification processes in vivo .