Metabolic Syndrome Features and Excess Weight Were Inversely Associated with Nut Consumption after 1-Year Follow-Up in the PREDIMED-Plus Study. Issue 12 (23rd October 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Julibert, Alicia; del Mar Bibiloni, Maria; Gallardo-Alfaro, Laura; Abbate, Manuela; Martínez-González, Miguel Á; Salas-Salvadó, Jordi; Corella, Dolores; Fitó, Montse; Martínez, J Alfredo; Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M; Wärnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesús; Romaguera, Dora; Lopez-Miranda, José; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J; Lapetra, José; Serra-Majem, Lluís; Cano-Ibañez, Naomi; Martín-Sánchez, Vicente; Pintó, Xavier; Gaforio, José J; Matía-Martín, Pilar; Vidal, Josep; Vázquez, Clotilde; Daimiel, Lidia; Ros, Emilio; Sayon-Orea, Carmen; Becerra-Tomás, Nerea; Gimenez-Alba, Ignacio M; Castañer, Olga; Abete, Itziar; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Pérez-López, Jéssica; Notario-Barandiaran, Leyre; Colom, Antoni; Garcia-Rios, Antonio; Castro-Barquero, Sara; Bernal, Rosa; Santos-Lozano, José M; Fernández-Lázaro, Cesar I; Hernández-Alonso, Pablo; Saiz, Carmen; Zomeño, Maria D; Zulet, Maria A; Belló-Mora, Maria C; Basterra-Gortari, Javier; Canudas, Silvia; Goday, Albert; Tur, Josep A;
• Is Part Of: Journal of nutrition. Volume 150:Issue 12(2020)
• Page Start: 3161
• Page End: 3170
• Publication Date: 2020-10-23
• Subjects: nut consumption -- Mediterranean diet -- metabolic syndrome -- features of metabolic syndrome -- PREDIMED-Plus study -- excess weight -- overweight -- obesity -- older adults -- lifestyle; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Diet -- Periodicals; 613.205
• DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa289
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-3166

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Background: High nut consumption has been previously associated with decreased prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) regardless of race and dietary patterns. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess whether changes in nut consumption over a 1-y follow-up are associated with changes in features of MetS in a middle-aged and older Spanish population at high cardiovascular disease risk. Methods: This prospective 1-y follow-up cohort study, conducted in the framework of the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED)-Plus randomized trial, included 5800 men and women (55–75 y old) with overweight/obesity [BMI (in kg/m 2 ) ≥27 and <40] and MetS. Nut consumption (almonds, pistachios, walnuts, and other nuts) was assessed using data from a validated FFQ. The primary outcome was the change from baseline to 1 y in features of MetS [waist circumference (WC), glycemia, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure] and excess weight (body weight and BMI) according to tertiles of change in nut consumption. Secondary outcomes included changes in dietary and lifestyle characteristics. A generalized linear model was used to compare 1-y changes in features of MetS, weight, dietary intakes, and lifestyle characteristics across tertiles of change in nut consumption. Results: As nut consumption increased, between each tertile there was a significant decrease in WC, TG, systolic blood pressure, weight, and BMI ( P < 0.05), and a significant increase in HDL cholesterol (only in women, P = 0.044). The interaction effect between time and group was significant for total energy intake ( P < 0.001), adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) ( P < 0.001), and nut consumption ( P < 0.001). Across tertiles of increasing nut consumption there was a significant increase in extra virgin olive oil intake and adherence to the MedDiet; change in energy intake, on the other hand, was inversely related to consumption of nuts. Conclusions: Features of MetS and excess weight were inversely associated with nut consumption after a 1-y follow-up in the PREDIMED-Plus study cohort. This trial was registered at isrctn.com as ISRCTN89898870.