Stimulation of Gastric Transit Function Driven by Hydrolyzed Casein Increases Small Intestinal Carbohydrate Availability and Its Microbial Metabolism. Issue 21 (7th October 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Shen, Junhua; Mu, Chunlong; Wang, Huisong; Huang, Zan; Yu, Kaifan; Zoetendal, Erwin G; Zhu, Weiyun
• Is Part Of: Molecular nutrition & food research. Volume 64:Issue 21(2020)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2020-10-07
• Subjects: carbohydrate metabolism -- GI transit -- ileal flow -- peptides -- small intestinal microbe; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Food -- Microbiology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food -- Toxicology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food Microbiology -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; 664.0705
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000250
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1613-4125

Abstract

Abstract: Gastrointestinal (GI) functions affect gut nutrient flow and microbial metabolism. Dietary peptides modulate GI functions and improve small intestinal health, but the mechanism remains elusive. This study aims to investigate whether dietary peptides affect small intestinal microbial metabolism, and the underlying mechanisms. An ileal‐cannulated pig model is adopted to explore the relationship between gut nutrient flow and microbial metabolism after treatment with hydrolyzed casein (peptides) or intact casein (Control)‐based diet. The results demonstrate that hydrolyzed casein enhances microbial carbohydrate metabolism with higher Streptococcus abundance and higher lactate level in the ileum. Meanwhile, hydrolyzed casein increases ileal flows of nutrients, especially carbohydrate, leading to a higher carbohydrate availability in ileal digesta. To unveil the mechanisms, it is found that the hydrolyzed casein enhances the ghrelin signal and improves development of interstitial cells of Cajal and muscular layer in gastric corpus, indicating the enhanced upper GI transit function. In addition, hydrolyzed casein improves small intestinal health, as indicated by higher villus heights and luminal lactate concentrations in the jejunum and ileum. In conclusion, hydrolyzed casein stimulates upper GI transit function, enhances gut nutrient flow, and increases small intestinal carbohydrate availability and its microbial metabolism, which favor the small intestinal health. Abstract : Hydrolyzed casein accelerates gastric transit by activating ghrelin signal and improving the development of interstitial cell of Cajal in the stomach, thereby increasing ileal flow of carbohydrates (CHOs), leading to the increased CHO availability and the increased microbial CHO metabolism in the small intestine. The enhanced microbial CHO metabolism favors gut health.