A Review of Cyclic and Oxidative Bitter Derivatives of Alpha, Iso-Alpha and Beta-Hop Acids. (2nd April 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hao, Junguang; Speers, R.A.; Fan, Heliang; Deng, Yang; Dai, Ziru
• Is Part Of: Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemists. Volume 78:Number 2(2020)
• Page Start: 89
• Page End: 102
• Publication Date: 2020-04-02
• Subjects: α-acids -- β-acids -- cyclic derivative -- iso-α-acids -- oxidative derivative; Chemistry, Technical -- Periodicals; Brewing -- Periodicals; Chemistry, Technical; Brewing; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 663.3
• DOI: 10.1080/03610470.2020.1712641
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0361-0470

Abstract

Abstract: In the last decade, with the combined application of high efficiency preparation techniques, high resolution HPLC MS/MS and sophisticated NMR technologies, novel bitter derivatives of α-, iso-α-, β-acids have been identified in beer and model solutions, which has updated our knowledge of hop chemistry. In this review, newly identified cyclic and oxidative products of α-, iso-α-, β-acids in hops and beer, have been comprehensively described to give brewers a more in depth understanding of hop and beer bitterness chemistry. A total of 39 unique substances: 15 derived from α-acids, 15 from iso-α-acids, and 9 derived from β-acids are elucidated, including their structures, suggested formation mechanism, distribution profiles in model solutions or beer, reactions during fermentation, thresholds of some of these compounds, and their evolution during storage.