Long Term Exposure to a Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract Enhances L‐Cell Differentiation in Intestinal Organoids. Issue 16 (8th July 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Casanova‐Martí, Àngela; González‐Abuín, Noemi; Serrano, Joan; Blay, Maria Teresa; Terra, Ximena; Frost, Gary; Pinent, Montserrat; Ardévol, Anna
• Is Part Of: Molecular nutrition & food research. Volume 64:Issue 16(2020)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2020-07-08
• Subjects: enteroendocrine -- glucagon‐like peptide‐1 -- incretin -- proanthocyanidins; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Food -- Microbiology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food -- Toxicology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food Microbiology -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; 664.0705
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000303
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1613-4125

Abstract

Abstract : Scope: A grape‐seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) interacts at the intestinal level, enhancing glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) and peptide YY (PYY) release, which modulate appetite and glucose homeostasis. Thus, enhancing L‐cell numbers could be a strategy to promote hormone production, providing a potential strategy for obesity and type‐2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatment. Methods and results: Mice ileum organoids are used to evaluate the long‐term effects of GSPE and two of its main components, epicatechin (EC) and gallic acid (GA), on intestinal differentiation. Hormone levels are determined using RIA and ELISA kits, and gene expression of transcription factors involved in intestinal cell differentiation, as well as markers of different cell types, are assessed by real‐time qPCR. GSPE upregulates enterohormone gene expression and content, as well as the pan‐endocrine marker chromogranin A. GSPE also modulates the temporal gene expression profile of early and late transcription factors involved in L‐cell differentiation. Furthermore, GSPE upregulates goblet cell (Muc2) and enterocyte (sucraseisomaltase) markers, while downregulating stem cell markers (Lgr5+). Although EC and GA modified enterohormone release, they do not reproduce GSPE effects on transcription factor's profile. Conclusions: This study shows the potential role of GSPE in promoting enteroendocrine differentiation, effect that is not mediated by EC or GA. Abstract : This study shows that a grape‐seed proanthocyanidin extract increases L‐cell numbers in ileum organoids through the modulation of early transcription factors involved in enteroendocrine differentiation, enhancing the release of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 and peptide YY. These hormones have a key role in appetite regulation and glucose homeostasis, highlighting the potential of this extract for obesity and type 2 diabetes treatment.