Fate of moniliformin during different large-scale maize dry-milling processes. (April 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Scarpino, Valentina; Vanara, Francesca; Reyneri, Amedeo; Blandino, Massimo
• Is Part Of: Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft + Technologie =. Volume 123(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-04
• Subjects: Decontamination -- Fumonisins -- Tempering-degermination -- Dry-degermination -- Milling fractions; ANOVA analysis of variance -- DD dry-degermination -- LD50 Lethal Dose 50% -- EC European Commission -- EFSA European Food Safety Authority -- FB1 fumonisin B1 -- FB2 fumonisin B2 -- FBs fumonisins -- FDK Fusarium-damaged kernels -- LOAEL Lowest-Observed-Adverse-Effect level -- MON moniliformin -- PBS Phosphate Buffered Saline -- REGWF Ryan-Einot-Gabriel-Welsh F post-hoc test -- TD tempering-degermination -- U.S. the United States; Food industry and trade -- Periodicals; Food -- Composition -- Periodicals; Microbiology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; 664.005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109098
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0023-6438

Abstract

Abstract: Moniliformin is a widespread emerging mycotoxin. Despite all the data so far present in the scientific literature there is a lack of information on the fate of MON during the maize milling. Thus, in order to collect new occurrence data on the fate of the MON in maize food products, also in relation to the FBs, 4 maize lots have been processed through a dry-degermination and a tempering-degermination dry-milling process. The whole grain before and after cleaning, and all the products and the by-products were sampled twice for each lot and were subjected to moniliformin and fumonisin LC-MS/MS analysis. The sum of the 3 food-grade products from tempering-degermination (flaking grits, medium and small hominy grits) only contributed to 4% of the total fumonisin contamination, but to as much as 19% of the total moniliformin contamination of the whole grain. Conversely, the pearl meal, break meal and maize flour from the dry-degermination system had a fumonisin and a moniliformin content that amounted to 12% and 16%, respectively, of the total contamination of the kernels. The results obtained in the present survey underline a weaker moniliformin decontamination than fumonisin abatement, which point out a higher risk of exposure for the end consumers. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: MON and FBs co-occurred in all the maize milling products and by-products. Grain cleaning reduced the MON and FBs by 47% and 52%. Animal feed flour had a two-times higher MON content than pre-cleaned grain. The endosperm fractions from dry-milling showed a lower MON than FB reduction. Unlike the FBs, MON content did not differ according to the degermination process.