Associations Among Dietary Fat Oxidation Responses to Overfeeding and Weight Gain in Obesity‐Prone and Resistant Adults. Issue 11 (25th October 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rynders, Corey A.; Pereira, Rocio I.; Bergouignan, Audrey; Kealey, Elizabeth H.; Bessesen, Daniel H.
• Is Part Of: Obesity. Volume 26:Issue 11(2018)
• Page Start: 1758
• Page End: 1766
• Publication Date: 2018-10-25
• Subjects: Obesity -- Periodicals; 616.398005
• DOI: 10.1002/oby.22321
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1930-7381

Abstract

Abstract : Objective: This study tested the hypothesis that 3 days of overfeeding (OF) decreases dietary fat oxidation and predicts longitudinal weight change in adults classified as obesity prone (OP) and obesity resistant (OR) based on self‐identification and personal and family weight history. Changes in diurnal profiles of plasma metabolites and hormones were measured to probe mechanisms. Methods: Adults identified as OP ( n = 22; BMI: 23.9 ± 2.4 kg/m 2 ) and OR ( n = 30; BMI: 20.5 ± 2.2 kg/m 2 ) completed 3 days of eucaloric (EU) feeding and 3 days of OF. On day 3, the 24‐hour total and dietary fat oxidation was measured using room calorimetry and an oral 14 C tracer. Plasma glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations were frequently sampled over 24 hours. Body composition was measured annually for 4.0 ± 1.4 years in a subsample ( n = 19 OP and 23 OR). Results: Dietary fat oxidation over 24 hours was not altered by OF versus EU ( P = 0.54). Weight gain in OP correlated with lower nocturnal NEFA concentrations during OF ( r = −0.60; P = 0.006) and impaired fuel selection over 24 hours (metabolic inflexibility, wake respiratory quotient‐sleep respiratory quotient) ( r = −0.48; P = 0.04). Conclusions: Short‐term OF did not alter dietary fat oxidation. Lower nocturnal NEFA availability and metabolic inflexibility to overfeeding may be factors contributing to weight gain.