Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load Are Positively Associated with Oxidative Stress among Premenopausal Women. Issue 1 (16th December 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Anderson, Chelsea; Milne, Ginger L; Park, Yong-Moon Mark; Sandler, Dale P; Nichols, Hazel B
• Is Part Of: Journal of nutrition. Volume 148:Issue 1(2018)
• Page Start: 125
• Page End: 130
• Publication Date: 2017-12-16
• Subjects: glycemic index -- glycemic load -- oxidative stress -- F2-isoprostanes -- premenopausal women; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Diet -- Periodicals; 613.205
• DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxx022
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-3166

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Diets with a high glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) have been hypothesized to increase oxidative stress, but the limited human studies are inconsistent. Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate associations between dietary GI, GL, and carbohydrate intake and oxidative stress, as measured by F2 -isoprostanes (F2 -IsoPs). Methods: Concentrations of F2 -IsoP and its metabolite (15-F2t -IsoP-M) were measured in urine samples collected at enrollment from 866 premenopausal women (aged 35–54 y) participating in the Sister Study. Total carbohydrate intake and dietary GI and GL were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Urinary F2 -IsoP and 15-F2t -IsoP-M concentrations were compared across quintiles of carbohydrate intake, GI, and GL using multivariable linear regression models. Results: Urinary F2 -IsoP concentrations were positively associated with dietary GI ( P -trend = 0.023), and both F2 -IsoP and 15-F2t -IsoP-M concentrations were positively associated with GL (F2 -IsoP: P -trend < 0.001; 15-F2t -IsoP-M: P -trend < 0.001) and total carbohydrate intake (F2 -IsoP: P -trend = 0.012; 15-F2t -IsoP-M: P -trend < 0.001). Stratified analyses suggested that a positive association between GI and urinary 15-F2t -IsoP-M concentrations was present among women with a body mass index [BMI (in kg/m 2 )] ≥30.0, but not among those with a BMI of <25.0 or 25.0–29.9 ( P -interaction = 0.01). Conclusions: Our cross-sectional analyses in a sample of premenopausal women support hypothesized relations between high dietary GI and GL and oxidative stress, as assessed by urinary F2-IsoP and 15-F2t -IsoP-M concentrations. Given potential associations between oxidative stress and the development of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, our findings may have important implications for reducing chronic disease risk.