A simple intervention to reduce your chance of missing an acute aortic dissection. Issue 5 (September 2019)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- A simple intervention to reduce your chance of missing an acute aortic dissection. Issue 5 (September 2019)
- Main Title:
- A simple intervention to reduce your chance of missing an acute aortic dissection
- Authors:
- Ohle, Robert
Mc Isaac, Sarah
Perry, Jeffrey J. - Abstract:
- ABSTRACT: Introduction: Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a time sensitive, difficult to diagnose, aortic emergency. We sought to explore the quality of history taking in AAD and assess its impact on misdiagnosis. Methods: We studied a retrospective cohort of patients >18 years old who presented to two tertiary care emergency departments from January 1st 2004 – December 31 st 2012 and were diagnosed with an acute aortic dissection (AAD) on CT, MRI or TEE. Trained reviewers' extracted data using a standardized data collection form. The definitions of 5 pain characteristics – character, onset, duration, quality, and radiation were defined a priori. Results: Data were collected for 194 cases of acute aortic dissection with a mean age of 65(SD 14.1) and 66.7% male, 34(17.6%) missed on initial presentation. Only 20(14.8%) patients were asked all 5 questions. The most common initial incorrect diagnosis were acute coronary syndrome (16, 47%), pulmonary embolism (5, 14.7%) and stroke (4, 11.7%). If <2 questions were asked 1 in 5 cases were missed, 4 times greater than if >2 were asked (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Clinicians should ask and document the character, onset, duration, radiation and severity of pain in any patient presenting with chest, abdominal or flank pain. A focused history still remains the keystone to reducing misdiagnosis. Résumé: Introduction: La dissection aiguë de l'aorte (DAA) est une urgence vasculaire difficile à diagnostiquer, dans laquelle le temps compte.ABSTRACT: Introduction: Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a time sensitive, difficult to diagnose, aortic emergency. We sought to explore the quality of history taking in AAD and assess its impact on misdiagnosis. Methods: We studied a retrospective cohort of patients >18 years old who presented to two tertiary care emergency departments from January 1st 2004 – December 31 st 2012 and were diagnosed with an acute aortic dissection (AAD) on CT, MRI or TEE. Trained reviewers' extracted data using a standardized data collection form. The definitions of 5 pain characteristics – character, onset, duration, quality, and radiation were defined a priori. Results: Data were collected for 194 cases of acute aortic dissection with a mean age of 65(SD 14.1) and 66.7% male, 34(17.6%) missed on initial presentation. Only 20(14.8%) patients were asked all 5 questions. The most common initial incorrect diagnosis were acute coronary syndrome (16, 47%), pulmonary embolism (5, 14.7%) and stroke (4, 11.7%). If <2 questions were asked 1 in 5 cases were missed, 4 times greater than if >2 were asked (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Clinicians should ask and document the character, onset, duration, radiation and severity of pain in any patient presenting with chest, abdominal or flank pain. A focused history still remains the keystone to reducing misdiagnosis. Résumé: Introduction: La dissection aiguë de l'aorte (DAA) est une urgence vasculaire difficile à diagnostiquer, dans laquelle le temps compte. L'étude décrite ici visait à évaluer la qualité de l'anamnèse dans la DAA et son incidence sur les diagnostics erronés. Méthode: Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective de cohortes composées de patients > 18 ans qui ont consulté dans deux services des urgences de soins tertiaires, du 1 er janvier 2004 au 31 décembre 2012, et chez qui a été posé un diagnostic de DAA à l'aide de la TDM, de l'IRM ou de l'échocardiographie transœsophagienne. Des examinateurs formés ont procédé à l'extraction de données à l'aide d'un formulaire uniforme de collecte de renseignements. Cinq descripteurs ont été utilisés au départ pour définir la douleur : le caractère, le début, la durée, la qualité et l'irradiation. Résultats: La collecte de donnée a permis de recenser 194 cas de dissection aiguë de l'aorte; l'âge moyen était de 65 ans (écart type : 14, 1) et il y avait 66, 7% d'hommes; il y a eu erreur de diagnostic à la première consultation dans 34 cas (17, 6%). Les 5 questions sur la douleur avaient été posées à 20 patients (14, 8%) seulement. Les diagnostics erronés les plus fréquents étaient le syndrome coronarien aigu (16; 47%), l'embolie pulmonaire (5; 14, 7%) ou l'accident vasculaire cérébral (4; 11, 7%). Le fait de poser < 2 questions a été associé à un risque de diagnostic erroné dans 1 cas sur 5, soit un risque 4 fois supérieur à celui enregistré dans les cas où > 2 questions avaient été posées ( p < 0, 01). Conclusion: Les cliniciens devraient poser des questions sur le caractère, le début, la durée, l'irradiation et l'intensité de la douleur, et consigner les renseignements recueillis au dossier, chez tout patient qui consulte pour des douleurs thoraciques, abdominales ou du flanc. Une anamnèse précise reste encore la meilleure arme contre le risque de diagnostic erroné. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- CJEM. Volume 21:Issue 5(2019)
- Journal:
- CJEM
- Issue:
- Volume 21:Issue 5(2019)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 21, Issue 5 (2019)
- Year:
- 2019
- Volume:
- 21
- Issue:
- 5
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2019-0021-0005-0000
- Page Start:
- 618
- Page End:
- 621
- Publication Date:
- 2019-09
- Subjects:
- Aortic dissection, -- diagnostic accuracy, -- history taking
Emergency Treatment -- Periodicals
Emergency Medicine -- Periodicals
Emergency medical services -- Canada -- Periodicals
Medical emergencies -- Canada -- Periodicals
Emergency medical services
Medical emergencies
Canada
Periodicals
616.02505 - Journal URLs:
- http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=CEM ↗
http://www.caep.ca/004.cjem-jcmu/004-00.cjem/004-01v.archives.htm#main ↗
http://link.springer.com/ ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1017/cem.2019.1 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 1481-8035
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
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