Acute and sub-chronic toxicity of glucose–cysteine Maillard reaction products in Sprague-Dawley rats. (June 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Li, Yixing; Su, Linliang; Li, Fenfang; Wang, Chaozheng; Yuan, Debao; Chen, Jiao; Tan, Lin; Jin, Zhiqiang; Ma, Weihong
• Is Part Of: Food and chemical toxicology. Volume 80(2015)
• Page Start: 271
• Page End: 276
• Publication Date: 2015-06
• Subjects: AGEs advanced glycation end-products -- ALB albumin -- ALT alanine aminotransferase -- AST aspartate aminotransferase -- BUN blood urea nitrogen -- CRE creatinine -- FDA the USA Food and Drug Administration -- GLU glucose -- HMF 5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furfural -- LD50 median lethal dose -- MRPs Maillard reaction products -- NOAEL no observed adverse-effect level -- PPO Polyphenoloxidase -- TC total cholesterol -- TG triglycerides -- TP total protein; Maillard reaction products -- Toxicity -- Acute oral toxicity -- Sub-chronic toxicity; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Food poisoning -- Periodicals; Food Poisoning -- Periodicals; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Toxicologie -- Périodiques; Intoxications alimentaires -- Périodiques; Food poisoning; Toxicology; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 615.9
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.03.021
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0278-6915

Abstract

Highlights: Glucose–cysteine Maillard reaction products (MRPs) are valuable food additives with excellent anti-browning effects. We investigated the in vivo toxicity of MRPs following acute and sub-chronic administration in rats. The acute LD50 of glucose–cysteine MRPs in rats was 6.81 g/kg. Repeat 90-day administration of less than or equal to one-fifth LD50 produced no significant toxicities. Abstract: Maillard reaction products (MRPs) derived from glucose–cysteine reactions have excellent anti-browning ability. However, there is a lack of information about their acute and sub-chronic toxicities. To our knowledge, the present study is the first to evaluate the acute and sub-chronic toxicities of MRPs in experimental animals. Acute toxicity testing and analysis by Horn's method showed that the median lethal oral dose (LD50 ) of MRPs in rats was 6.81 g/kg body weight. The sub-chronic toxicity test involved feeding rats with diet containing 0, 0.43, 0.85, or 1.70% (w/w) MRPs for 90 days. These treatments did not affect mortality, gross pathology, histology, hematology, or blood chemistry, and there were no dose-dependent changes in feed consumption. Based on these results, the dietary no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for 90-day exposure was 1.29 and 1.51 g MRPs/kg body weight/day for male and female rats, respectively.