D-mannitol modulates glucose uptake ex vivo; suppresses intestinal glucose absorption in normal and type 2 diabetic rats. (June 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chukwuma, Chika Ifeanyi; Matsabisa, Motlalepula Gilbert; Erukainure, Ochuko L.; Ibeji, Collins U.; Islam, Md. Shahidul
• Is Part Of: Food bioscience. Volume 29(2019)
• Page Start: 30
• Page End: 36
• Publication Date: 2019-06
• Subjects: Mannitol -- Glucose absorption -- Glucose uptake -- Type 2 diabetes; DBA diabetic acarbose -- DBC diabetic control -- DMN diabetic mannitol -- GAI glucose absorption index -- GIT gastrointestinal tract -- GLUT-4 glucose transporter type 4 -- GU50 concentration at 50% glucose uptake activity -- IC50 concentration at 50% inhibition -- NC normal control -- NMN normal mannitol -- PR phenol red -- T2D type 2 diabetes; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Food -- Research -- Periodicals; Aliments -- Biotecnologia -- Revistes; Aliments -- Investigació -- Revistes; Food -- Biotechnology; Food -- Research; Revistes electròniques; Periodicals; 664.005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2019.03.001
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2212-4292

Abstract

Abstract: Mannitol is a widely used reduced-calorie sweetener with limited studies on its anti-hyperglycemic potential. The anti-hyperglycemic potential of mannitol was investigated using different experimental models. Mannitol inhibited α-glucosidase (IC50 = 180 ± 20% w/v) and α-amylase (IC50 = 75 ± 20% w/v) activities in a dose dependent (2.5–20% w/v) manner, in vitro, although the effective doses are not gastrointestinally tolerable. Mannitol inhibited glucose absorption (IC50 = 19 ± 3% w/v) in isolated rat jejunum in a dose dependent (2.5–20% w/v) manner, perhaps by entrapment of glucose molecules. Acute administration of 0.3 g/kg bw reduced small intestinal glucose absorption in type 2 diabetic rats, which was accompanied by reduced blood glucose. The reduced intestinal glucose absorption may be influenced by the concomitant delayed gastric emptying observed in the mannitol-treated diabetic animals. On the other hand, mannitol increased glucose uptake in a yeast cell suspension (GU50 = 4.7 ± 1.2% w/v), 3T3-L1 adipocytes (GU50 = 1.2 ± 0.4% w/v) and isolated rat muscle (GU50 = 25 ± 3% w/v) in a dose dependent manner. In silico docking suggested that GLUT-4 (binding energy = −15.5 kcal/mol) is a possible molecular target of mannitol. Data from this study suggest that mannitol may be used as a dietary supplement in controlling postprandial blood glucose increase by reducing intestinal glucose absorption and increasing muscle glucose uptake, which needs further study. Graphical abstract: Mannitol may show anti-hyperglycemic potential with inhibition of intestinal glucose absorption and enhancement of muscle glucose uptake.Image 1 Highlights: Mannitol inhibited small intestinal glucose absorption in normal and diabetic rats at a gastrointestinal tolerable dose. Mannitol dose dependently increased glucose uptake in yeast cells, 3T3-L1 adipocytes and isolated rat psoas muscles. The inhibitory effects of mannitol on intestinal glucose absorption may be influenced by a delayed gastric emptying. Mannitol may possibly be useful as an anti-hyperglycemic dietary supplement for diabetics.