Comprehensive Profiling of the Circulatory miRNAome Response to a High Protein Diet in Elderly Men: A Potential Role in Inflammatory Response Modulation. Issue 8 (1st April 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ramzan, Farha; Mitchell, Cameron J.; Milan, Amber M.; Schierding, William; Zeng, Nina; Sharma, Pankaja; Mitchell, Sarah M.; D'Souza, Randall F.; Knowles, Scott O.; Roy, Nicole C.; Sjödin, Anders; Wagner, Karl‐Heinz; Cameron‐Smith, David
• Is Part Of: Molecular nutrition & food research. Volume 63:Issue 8(2019)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2019-04-01
• Subjects: gene expression -- inflammation -- microRNA -- peripheral blood mononuclear cells -- sequencing; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Food -- Microbiology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food -- Toxicology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; Food Microbiology -- Periodicals; Food Technology -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; 664.0705
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800811
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1613-4125

Abstract

Abstract : Scope: MicroRNA are critical to the coordinated post‐transcriptional regulation of gene expression, yet few studies have addressed the influence of habitual diet on microRNA expression. High protein diets impact cardiometabolic health and body composition in the elderly suggesting the possibility of a complex systems response. Therefore, high‐throughput small RNA sequencing technology is applied in response to doubling the protein recommended dietary allowance (RDA) over 10 weeks in older men to examine alterations in circulating miRNAome. Methods and Results: Older men ( n = 31; 74.1 ± 0.6 y) are randomized to consume either RDA (0.8 g kg −1 day −1 ) or 2RDA (1.6 g kg −1 day −1 ) of protein for 10 weeks. Downregulation of five microRNAs (miR‐125b‐5p, ‐100‐5p, ‐99a‐5p, ‐23b‐3p, and ‐203a) is observed following 2RDA with no changes in the RDA. In silico functional analysis highlights target gene enrichment in inflammation‐related pathways. qPCR quantification of predicted inflammatory genes ( TNFα, IL‐8, IL‐6, pTEN, PPP1CB, and HOXA1 ) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells shows increased expression following 2RDA diet ( p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: The study findings suggest a possible selective alteration in the post‐transcriptional regulation of the immune system following a high protein diet. However, very few microRNAs are altered despite a large change in the dietary protein. Abstract : Dietary factors regulate the expression of microRNA that are important for health. High‐throughput sequencing is used to examine the circulatory miRNA response to a high protein diet. Altered abundances of miRNA implicated in the post‐transcriptional regulation of the immune system are present.