Inner Strength—State of the Science. Issue 1 (March 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Smith, Charles S.; Dingley, Catherine; Roux, Gayle
• Is Part Of: Canadian journal of nursing research =. Volume 51:Issue 1(2019)
• Page Start: 38
• Page End: 48
• Publication Date: 2019-03
• Subjects: Literature review -- inner strength -- middle-range theory; Nursing -- Periodicals; Nursing -- Canada -- Periodicals; Nursing -- Research -- Periodicals; Nursing Research; Canada; Nursing; Nursing -- Research; Canada; Periodicals; 610.73097105
• DOI: 10.1177/0844562118790714
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0844-5621

Abstract

The phenomenon of inner strength has been investigated since 1990. Foundations for inner strength have been developed using inductive designs that have led to a middle-range theory of inner strength and a conceptual model. Two instruments have been developed to measure and test inner strength and have been predominantly used in samples of women and the elderly. This paper will trace the development of inner strength knowledge from two distinct paradigms in North America and Northern Europe. Empirical testing is described. Gaps in the current state of knowledge of inner strength are identified as well as implications for future research.