Genetic polymorphism of glutathione S-transferases: Relevance to neurological disorders. Issue 4 (December 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Dasari, Sreenivasulu; Gonuguntla, Sailaja; Ganjayi, Muni Swamy; Bukke, Suman; Sreenivasulu, Basha; Meriga, Balaji
• Is Part Of: Pathophysiology. Volume 25:Issue 4(2018)
• Page Start: 285
• Page End: 292
• Publication Date: 2018-12
• Subjects: Glutathione S-tranferases -- Genetic polymorphism -- Neurological disorders; Physiology, Pathological -- Periodicals; 571.9
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2018.06.001
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0928-4680

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Schematic diagram of glutathione S-tranferase (GST) gene polymorphism. Glutathione S-transferase genes are mainly six types, they are GSTA (it have five different genes, they are A1-A5), GSTM (it have five different genes, they are M1-M5), GSTP (it have two different genes, they are P1 & P2), GSTT (it have two different genes, they are T1 & T2), GSTO (it have two different genes, they are O1 & O2) and GSTZ (it has one gene i.e. Z1). Several studies proved that the GSTA, GSTP, GSTO and GSTZ genes exhibit single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). GSTM and GSTT genes exhibit either deletion or SNP polymorphism. Highlights: Glutathione S-tranferases (GSTs) are phase II drug metabolizing enzymes they play crucial role in detoxification. GST genetic polymorphisms are the main reason for many neurological dysfunctions. GSTM1 null genotype and the GSTO1-1 polymorphic variant was associated with increased risk of Alzheimer disease (AD). GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletions are associated with decreased survival rate in glioma patients. GSTP polymorphism got much attention in recent decades and that leads Parkinson's disease (PD). Abstract: Glutathione S-tranferases (GSTs) are phase II drug metabolizing enzymes, they play crucial role in detoxification of environmental pollutants, carcinogens, drugs, xenobiotics and oxidative stress products. Genetic differences in expression and activity of GSTs are due to the existence of polymorphic alleles which encode them. Because of genetic polymorphism the GST activity has altered that lead to the increased susceptibility for toxic chemical compounds. GST genetic polymorphism is the main reason for many neurological dysfunctions. GST has over expressed in epileptic brain and pi (π) GST has used to predict stroke; mu (μ) and pi (π) GST are over expressed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Null and single nucleotide polymorphism of GST has associated with many neurodisorders. Over all, it can be concluded that the GST genetic polymorphism has associated with neurodegenerative diseases.