Simultaneous quantitation of nicotinamide riboside, nicotinamide mononucleotide and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in milk by a novel enzyme-coupled assay. (15th April 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ummarino, Simone; Mozzon, Massimo; Zamporlini, Federica; Amici, Adolfo; Mazzola, Francesca; Orsomando, Giuseppe; Ruggieri, Silverio; Raffaelli, Nadia
• Is Part Of: Food chemistry. Volume 221(2017)
• Page Start: 161
• Page End: 168
• Publication Date: 2017-04-15
• Subjects: Vitamin B3 -- Nicotinamide riboside -- Nicotinamide mononucleotide -- NAD -- Milk -- Nucleotides -- Optical assay; Food -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food -- Composition -- Periodicals; 664
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.10.032
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0308-8146

Abstract

Highlights: An assay for quantitation of nicotinamide riboside, nicotinamide mononucleotide and NAD is proposed. The three B3 vitamers are selectively distributed in milks from different dairy species. In human milk the three B3 vitamers significantly contribute to total niacin content. UHT but not pasteurization affects bovine milk content of nicotinamide riboside. In human milk, lactation time affects NAD but not nicotinamide riboside or nicotinamide mononucleotide levels. Abstract: Nicotinamide riboside, the most recently discovered form of vitamin B3, and its phosphorylated form nicotinamide mononucleotide, have been shown to be potent supplements boosting intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) levels, thus preventing or ameliorating metabolic and mitochondrial diseases in mouse models. Here we report for the first time on the simultaneous quantitation of nicotinamide riboside, nicotinamide mononucleotide and NAD in milk by means of a fluorometric, enzyme-coupled assay. Application of this assay to milk from different species revealed that the three vitamers were present in human and donkey milk, while being selectively distributed in the other milks. Human milk was the richest source of nicotinamide mononucleotide. Overall, the three vitamers accounted for a significant fraction of total vitamin B3 content. Pasteurization did not affect the bovine milk content of nicotinamide riboside, whereas UHT processing fully destroyed the vitamin. In human milk, NAD levels were significantly affected by the lactation time.