Ambulatory vital signs in the workup of pulmonary embolism using a standardized 3-minute walk test. Issue 3 (10th February 2015)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Ambulatory vital signs in the workup of pulmonary embolism using a standardized 3-minute walk test. Issue 3 (10th February 2015)
- Main Title:
- Ambulatory vital signs in the workup of pulmonary embolism using a standardized 3-minute walk test
- Authors:
- Amin, Qamar
Perry, Jeffrey J.
Stiell, Ian G.
Mohapatra, Subhra
Alsadoon, Abdulaziz
Rodger, Marc - Abstract:
- Abstract: Objective: Diagnosing pulmonary embolism can be difficult given its highly variable clinical presentation. Our objective was to determine whether a decrease in oxygen saturation or an increase in heart rate while ambulating could be used as an objective tool in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Methods: This was a two-site tertiary-care-centre prospective cohort study that enrolled adult emergency department or thrombosis clinic patients with suspected or newly confirmed pulmonary embolism. Patients were asked to participate in a standardized 3-minute walk test, which assessed ambulatory heart rate and ambulatory oxygen saturation. The primary outcome was pulmonary embolism. Results: We enrolled 114 patients, including 30 with pulmonary embolism (26.3%). A ≥2% absolute decrease in ambulatory oxygen saturation and an ambulatory change in heart rate >10 beats per minute (BPM) were significantly associated with pulmonary embolism. An ambulatory heart rate change of >10 BPM had a sensitivity of 96.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 83.3 to 99.4) and a specificity of 31.0% (95% CI 22.1 to 45.0) for pulmonary embolism. A ≥2% absolute decrease ambulatory oxygen saturation had a sensitivity of 80.2% (95% CI 62.7 to 90.5) and a specificity of 39.3% (95% CI 29.5 to 50.0) for pulmonary embolism. The combination of both variables yielded a sensitivity of 100.0% (95% CI 87.0 to 100.0) and a specificity of 11.0% (95% CI 6.6 to 21.0). Conclusion: In summary, our study found thatAbstract: Objective: Diagnosing pulmonary embolism can be difficult given its highly variable clinical presentation. Our objective was to determine whether a decrease in oxygen saturation or an increase in heart rate while ambulating could be used as an objective tool in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Methods: This was a two-site tertiary-care-centre prospective cohort study that enrolled adult emergency department or thrombosis clinic patients with suspected or newly confirmed pulmonary embolism. Patients were asked to participate in a standardized 3-minute walk test, which assessed ambulatory heart rate and ambulatory oxygen saturation. The primary outcome was pulmonary embolism. Results: We enrolled 114 patients, including 30 with pulmonary embolism (26.3%). A ≥2% absolute decrease in ambulatory oxygen saturation and an ambulatory change in heart rate >10 beats per minute (BPM) were significantly associated with pulmonary embolism. An ambulatory heart rate change of >10 BPM had a sensitivity of 96.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 83.3 to 99.4) and a specificity of 31.0% (95% CI 22.1 to 45.0) for pulmonary embolism. A ≥2% absolute decrease ambulatory oxygen saturation had a sensitivity of 80.2% (95% CI 62.7 to 90.5) and a specificity of 39.3% (95% CI 29.5 to 50.0) for pulmonary embolism. The combination of both variables yielded a sensitivity of 100.0% (95% CI 87.0 to 100.0) and a specificity of 11.0% (95% CI 6.6 to 21.0). Conclusion: In summary, our study found that an ambulatory heart rate change of >10 BPM or a ≥2% absolute decrease in ambulatory oxygen saturation from baseline during a standardized 3-minute walk test are highly correlated with pulmonary embolism. Although the findings appear promising, neither of these variables can currently be recommended as a screening tool for pulmonary embolism until larger prospective studies examine their performance either alone or with pre-existing rules. RÉSUMÉ: Objectif: L'embolie pulmonaire peut être difficile à diagnostiquer étant donné son tableau clinique très variable. L'étude visait à déterminer si une diminution du degré de saturation du sang en oxygène ou une augmentation de la fréquence cardiaque en cours de déambulation pouvait servir d'outil objectif de diagnostic de l'embolie pulmonaire. Méthode: Il s'agit d'une étude prospective de cohortes, menée dans deux centres hospitaliers de soins tertiaires, à laquelle ont participé des patients provenant d'un service d'urgence pour adultes et d'un centre de thrombose, chez qui était soupçonnée ou avait été confirmée depuis peu une embolie pulmonaire. L'on a demandé aux patients de participer à une épreuve de marche normalisée de 3 minutes au cours de laquelle étaient évalués la fréquence cardiaque et le degré de saturation du sang en oxygène, en mode ambulatoire. Le principal critère d'évaluation était l'embolie pulmonaire. Résultats: Ont participé à l'étude 114 patients, dont 30 souffraient d'une embolie pulmonaire (26, 3 %). Une diminution absolue ≥2 % du degré de saturation du sang en oxygène en cours de marche et une modification de la fréquence cardiaque >10 battements par minute (BPM), aussi en cours de marche, étaient significativement associées à une embolie pulmonaire. Une modification de la fréquence cardiaque >10 BPM en mode ambulatoire avait une sensibilité de 96, 6 % (IC à 95 %: 83, 3–99, 4) et une spécificité de 31, 0 % (IC à 95 %: 22, 1–45, 0) à l'égard de l'embolie pulmonaire. Quant à la diminution absolue ≥2 % du degré de saturation du sang en oxygène en mode ambulatoire, elle avait une sensibilité de 80, 2 % (IC à 95 %: 62, 7–90, 5) et une spécificité de 39, 3 % (IC à 95 %: 29, 5–50, 0) à l'égard de l'embolie pulmonaire. L'association des deux variables avait une sensibilité de 100, 0 % (IC à 95 %: 87, 0–100, 0) et une spécificité de 11, 0 % (IC à 95 %: 6, 6–21, 0). Conclusions: Bref, il ressort de l'étude qu'une modification de la fréquence cardiaque >10 BPM en mode ambulatoire ou une diminution absolue ≥2 % du degré de saturation du sang en oxygène en mode ambulatoire par rapport au départ, au cours d'une épreuve de marche normalisée de 3 minutes, sont en étroite corrélation avec l'embolie pulmonaire. Certes, ces résultats semblent prometteurs, mais il n'est pas possible à l'heure actuelle de recommander l'une ou l'autre de ces variables comme outil de dépistage de l'embolie pulmonaire jusqu'à ce que des études prospectives, plus importantes aient été menées sur leur performance, que ces variables soient employées seules ou en association avec des règles préexistantes. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- CJEM. Volume 17:Issue 3(2015:May)
- Journal:
- CJEM
- Issue:
- Volume 17:Issue 3(2015:May)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 17, Issue 3 (2015)
- Year:
- 2015
- Volume:
- 17
- Issue:
- 3
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2015-0017-0003-0000
- Page Start:
- 270
- Page End:
- 278
- Publication Date:
- 2015-02-10
- Subjects:
- Pulmonary Embolism, -- Walk-test, -- Ambulatory Vital Signs
Emergency Treatment -- Periodicals
Emergency Medicine -- Periodicals
Emergency medical services -- Canada -- Periodicals
Medical emergencies -- Canada -- Periodicals
Emergency medical services
Medical emergencies
Canada
Periodicals
616.02505 - Journal URLs:
- http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=CEM ↗
http://www.caep.ca/004.cjem-jcmu/004-00.cjem/004-01v.archives.htm#main ↗
http://link.springer.com/ ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1017/cem.2014.45 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 1481-8035
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
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