Serum α1-proteinase inhibitor concentrations in dogs with exocrine pancreatic disease, chronic hepatitis or proteinuric chronic kidney disease. (June 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Heilmann, R.M.; Grützner, N.; Hokamp, J.A.; Lidbury, J.A.; Xenoulis, P.G.; Suchodolski, J.S.; Nabity, M.B.; Cianciolo, R.; Steiner, J.M.
• Is Part Of: Veterinary journal. Volume 236(2018)
• Page Start: 68
• Page End: 71
• Publication Date: 2018-06
• Subjects: α1-Antitrypsin -- Acute phase protein -- Canine -- Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency -- Pancreatitis; Veterinary medicine -- Periodicals; 636
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.04.017
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1090-0233

Abstract

Highlights: Serum α1 -proteinase inhibitor (cα1 -PI) concentrations in dogs may indicate proteinase/proteinase-inhibitor balance. Renal loss of cα1 -PI is variably present or compensated for in dogs with proteinuric chronic kidney disease (CKD-P). Hepatic cα1 -PI synthesis is not compromised or is compensated for in dogs with chronic hepatitis (CH). A cα1 -PI deficiency exists in some dogs with CKD-P or hepatic synthetic failure due to CH. Abstract: Serum canine α1 -proteinase inhibitor (cα1 -PI) concentrations were evaluated in dogs with pancreatitis ( n = 24), exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI; n = 29), chronic hepatitis (CH; n = 11) or proteinuric chronic kidney disease (CKD-P; n = 61) to determine whether systemic proteinase/proteinase-inhibitor balance is altered in these conditions. Dogs with CKD-P had significantly lower cα1 -PI concentrations than dogs with pancreatitis, EPI or CH; 16% of dogs with CKD-P had serum cα1 -PI concentrations below the reference interval. Serum and urine cα1 -PI concentrations were inversely correlated in dogs with CKD-P, but not in dogs with CH. This suggests that renal loss of cα1 -PI contributes to decreased serum concentrations in dogs with CKD-P, while hepatic cα1 -PI synthesis with CH either is not compromised or is counterbalanced by extrahepatic production.