Serum α1-proteinase inhibitor concentrations in dogs with exocrine pancreatic disease, chronic hepatitis or proteinuric chronic kidney disease. (June 2018) - Heilmann, R.M.
Highlights: Serum α1 -proteinase inhibitor (cα1 -PI) concentrations in dogs may indicate proteinase/proteinase-inhibitor balance. Renal loss of cα1 -PI is variably present or compensated for in dogs with proteinuric chronic kidney disease (CKD-P). Hepatic cα1 -PI synthesis is not compromised or is compensated for in dogs with chronic hepatitis (CH). A cα1 -PI deficiency exists in some dogs with CKD-P or hepatic synthetic failure due to CH. Abstract: Serum canine α1 -proteinase inhibitor (cα1 -PI) concentrations were evaluated in dogs with pancreatitis ( n = 24), exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI; n = 29), chronic hepatitis (CH; n = 11) or proteinuric chronic kidney disease (CKD-P; n = 61) to determine whether systemic proteinase/proteinase-inhibitor balance is altered in these conditions. Dogs with CKD-P had significantly lower cα1 -PI concentrations than dogs with pancreatitis, EPI or CH; 16% of dogs with CKD-P had serum cα1 -PI concentrations below the reference interval. Serum and urine cα1 -PI concentrations were inversely correlated in dogs with CKD-P, but not in dogs with CH. This suggests that renal loss of cα1 -PI contributes to decreased serum concentrations in dogs with CKD-P, while hepatic cα1 -PI synthesis with CH either is not compromised or is counterbalanced by extrahepatic production.